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Sur d’autres sites (5381)

  • recording from webcam using ffmpeg at high framerate

    14 novembre 2017, par Zorglub29

    I have a webcam (model Brio 4K stream edition from Logitech) that is able to record at resolution 1280x720 and 60 fps in guvcview on Ubuntu 16.04. I then use a video codec ’raw camera input’. This is working fine and as expected, and the result is well a 60 fps video at the desired resolution.

    However, I need to record using command line and not GUI. The guvcview GUI crashes on my machine (segmentation fault, this has been reported by other users before), so I want to use ffmpeg instead.

    Unfortunately, when I use the command (in terminal) :

    ffmpeg -i /dev/video1 -framerate 60 -video_size 1280x720 out.mkv

    I only get around 30 fps out. This is of course not due to the camera by itself (it works at 60 fps in guvcview), but I cannot understand why I get 30 fps when I ask for 60 fps explicitely. It also looks in the output of ffmpeg as it records at 30 fps :

    Metadata:
       encoder         : Lavf56.40.101
       Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (H264 / 0x34363248), yuv422p, 1280x720, q=-1--1, 30 fps, 1k tbn, 30 tbc

    Any suggestion how I can solve this and record at 60 fps using ffmpeg ?

    Note : I also tried something like this, with the same result (only 30 fps) :

    ffmpeg -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video1 -framerate 60.0 -video_size 1280x720 out.mkv

    Edit 1 thank you for the help in comment : order of arguments matters. Now using :

    ffmpeg -framerate 60 -video_size 1280x720 -i /dev/video1 out.mkv

    I get still around 30 fps, and a new (probably more understandable) warning message :

    [video4linux2,v4l2 @ 0x1ddc4e0] The driver changed the time per frame from 1/60 to 1/30
    Input #0, video4linux2,v4l2, from '/dev/video1':
     Duration: N/A, start: 256338.694616, bitrate: 442368 kb/s
       Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo (YUY2 / 0x32595559), yuyv422, 1280x720, 442368 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 1000k tbn, 1000k tbc

    I find several entries for this problem (video4linux2 + The driver changed the time per frame), but no clear solution.

    Edit 2 + 3 :

    v4l2-ctl -d 1 --list-formats-ext
    ioctl: VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT
       Index       : 0
       Type        : Video Capture
       Pixel Format: 'YUYV'
       Name        : YUYV 4:2:2
           Size: Discrete 640x480
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 160x120
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 176x144
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 320x180
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 320x240
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 352x288
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 340x340
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 424x240
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 440x440
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 480x270
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 640x360
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 800x448
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 800x600
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 848x480
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 960x540
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1024x576
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1280x720
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1600x896
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1920x1080
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)

       Index       : 1
       Type        : Video Capture
       Pixel Format: 'MJPG' (compressed)
       Name        : Motion-JPEG
           Size: Discrete 640x480
               Interval: Discrete 0.008s (120.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.011s (90.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.017s (60.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 160x120
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 176x144
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 320x180
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 320x240
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 352x288
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 424x240
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               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
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               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
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               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
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               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
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               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 800x448
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               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 800x600
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 848x480
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 960x540
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1024x576
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1280x720
               Interval: Discrete 0.011s (90.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.017s (60.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1600x896
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1920x1080
               Interval: Discrete 0.017s (60.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 2560x1440
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 3840x2160
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 4096x2160
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)

       Index       : 2
       Type        : Video Capture
       Pixel Format: 'NV12'
       Name        : Y/CbCr 4:2:0
           Size: Discrete 640x480
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 640x360
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1280x720
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)
           Size: Discrete 1920x1080
               Interval: Discrete 0.033s (30.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.042s (24.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.050s (20.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.067s (15.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.100s (10.000 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.133s (7.500 fps)
               Interval: Discrete 0.200s (5.000 fps)

    Edit 4 :

    It looks like there may still be a problem using :

    ffmpeg -f v4l2 -framerate 60 -video_size 1280x720 -input_format mjpeg -i /dev/video1 out.mkv

    As the output of ffmpeg looks like :

    Output #0, matroska, to 'out.mkv':
     Metadata:
     encoder         : Lavf56.40.101
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (H264 / 0x34363248), yuvj422p(pc), 1280x720, q=-1--1, 60 fps, 1k tbn, 60 tbc
     Metadata:
     encoder         : Lavc56.60.100 libx264
    Stream mapping:
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (mjpeg (native) -> h264 (libx264))
    Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
    frame=  198 fps= 37 q=-1.0 Lsize=    1043kB time=00:00:05.38 bitrate=1587.4kbits/s

    Is the fps indicated in the last line (37 instead of 60) reliable ? It was working at 60 fps with guvcview, so I do not think the laptop write speeed or CPU is the problem.

    Edit 5 :

    Thank you for the great help @LordNeckbeard , now it looks like everything works using your additional output argument command ffmpeg -f v4l2 -framerate 60 -video_size 1280x720 -input_format mjpeg -i /dev/video1 -preset faster -pix_fmt yuv420p out.mkv :

    $ ffmpeg -f v4l2 -framerate 60 -video_size 1280x720 -input_format mjpeg -i /dev/video1 -preset faster -pix_fmt yuv420p out.mkv
    ffmpeg version 2.8.11-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2017 the FFmpeg developers
     built with gcc 5.4.0 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4) 20160609
     configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.16.04.1 --build-suffix=-ffmpeg --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --cc=cc --cxx=g++ --enable-gpl --enable-shared --disable-stripping --disable-decoder=libopenjpeg --disable-decoder=libschroedinger --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmodplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzvbi --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-x11grab --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libiec61883 --enable-libzmq --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-libopencv
     libavutil      54. 31.100 / 54. 31.100
     libavcodec     56. 60.100 / 56. 60.100
     libavformat    56. 40.101 / 56. 40.101
     libavdevice    56.  4.100 / 56.  4.100
     libavfilter     5. 40.101 /  5. 40.101
     libavresample   2.  1.  0 /  2.  1.  0
     libswscale      3.  1.101 /  3.  1.101
     libswresample   1.  2.101 /  1.  2.101
     libpostproc    53.  3.100 / 53.  3.100
    [mjpeg @ 0x1d6f320] Changeing bps to 8
    Input #0, video4linux2,v4l2, from '/dev/video1':
     Duration: N/A, start: 259410.922692, bitrate: N/A
       Stream #0:0: Video: mjpeg, yuvj422p(pc, bt470bg/unknown/unknown), 1280x720, -10 kb/s, 60 fps, 60 tbr, 1000k tbn, 1000k tbc
    [swscaler @ 0x1d7e480] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 AVX2 LZCNT BMI2
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] profile High, level 3.2
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] 264 - core 148 r2643 5c65704 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2015 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=2 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=4 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=0 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=0 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=1 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=20 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
    Output #0, matroska, to 'out.mkv':
     Metadata:
       encoder         : Lavf56.40.101
       Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (H264 / 0x34363248), yuv420p, 1280x720, q=-1--1, 60 fps, 1k tbn, 60 tbc
       Metadata:
         encoder         : Lavc56.60.100 libx264
    Stream mapping:
     Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (mjpeg (native) -> h264 (libx264))
    Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
    frame=  467 fps= 59 q=-1.0 Lsize=     914kB time=00:00:07.83 bitrate= 955.8kbits/s    
    video:910kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.434447%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] frame I:2     Avg QP:21.96  size: 61186
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] frame P:118   Avg QP:26.01  size:  4695
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] frame B:347   Avg QP:27.54  size:   734
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] consecutive B-frames:  0.4%  1.3%  0.6% 97.6%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] mb I  I16..4: 14.7% 45.2% 40.0%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] mb P  I16..4:  1.4%  3.7%  0.0%  P16..4: 29.9%  4.1%  0.5%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:60.4%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] mb B  I16..4:  0.2%  0.4%  0.0%  B16..8:  5.4%  0.2%  0.0%  direct: 4.3%  skip:89.6%  L0:53.4% L1:42.7% BI: 3.9%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] 8x8 transform intra:66.4% inter:71.8%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 38.1% 50.7% 12.7% inter: 2.8% 7.6% 0.1%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] i16 v,h,dc,p: 36% 36% 16% 11%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 16% 32% 37%  2%  2%  2%  4%  1%  5%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 18% 46%  8%  2%  3%  3%  4%  3% 12%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] i8c dc,h,v,p: 56% 26% 16%  3%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] Weighted P-Frames: Y:9.3% UV:7.6%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] ref P L0: 58.6% 41.4%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] ref B L0: 56.9% 43.1%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] ref B L1: 85.5% 14.5%
    [libx264 @ 0x1d72620] kb/s:946.85
  • Neutral net or neutered

    4 juin 2013, par Mans — Law and liberty

    In recent weeks, a number of high-profile events, in the UK and elsewhere, have been quickly seized upon to promote a variety of schemes for monitoring or filtering Internet access. These proposals, despite their good intentions of protecting children or fighting terrorism, pose a serious threat to fundamental liberties. Although at a glance the ideas may seem like a reasonable price to pay for the prevention of some truly hideous crimes, there is more than first meets the eye. Internet regulation in any form whatsoever is the thin end of a wedge at whose other end we find severely restricted freedom of expression of the kind usually associated with oppressive dictatorships. Where the Internet was once a novelty, it now forms an integrated part of modern society ; regulating the Internet means regulating our lives.

    Terrorism

    Following the brutal murder of British soldier Lee Rigby in Woolwich, attempts were made in the UK to revive the controversial Communications Data Bill, also dubbed the snooper’s charter. The bill would give police and security services unfettered access to details (excluding content) of all digital communication in the UK without needing so much as a warrant.

    The powers afforded by the snooper’s charter would, the argument goes, enable police to prevent crimes such as the one witnessed in Woolwich. True or not, the proposal would, if implemented, also bring about infrastructure for snooping on anyone at any time for any purpose. Once available, the temptation may become strong to extend, little by little, the legal use of these abilities to cover ever more everyday activities, all in the name of crime prevention, of course.

    In the emotional aftermath of a gruesome act, anything with the promise of preventing it happening again may seem like a good idea. At times like these it is important, more than ever, to remain rational and carefully consider all the potential consequences of legislation, not only the intended ones.

    Hate speech

    Hand in hand with terrorism goes hate speech, preachings designed to inspire violence against people of some singled-out nation, race, or other group. Naturally, hate speech is often to be found on the Internet, where it can reach large audiences while the author remains relatively protected. Naturally, we would prefer for it not to exist.

    To fulfil the utopian desire of a clean Internet, some advocate mandatory filtering by Internet service providers and search engines to remove this unwanted content. Exactly how such censoring might be implemented is however rarely dwelt upon, much less the consequences inadvertent blocking of innocent material might have.

    Pornography

    Another common target of calls for filtering is pornography. While few object to the blocking of child pornography, at least in principle, the debate runs hotter when it comes to the legal variety. Pornography, it is claimed, promotes violence towards women and is immoral or generally offensive. As such it ought to be blocked in the name of the greater good.

    The conviction last week of paedophile Mark Bridger for the abduction and murder of five-year-old April Jones renewed the debate about filtering of pornography in the UK ; his laptop was found to contain child pornography. John Carr of the UK government’s Council on Child Internet Safety went so far as suggesting a default blocking of all pornography, access being granted to an Internet user only once he or she had registered with some unspecified entity. Registering people wishing only to access perfectly legal material is not something we do in a democracy.

    The reality is that Google and other major search engines already remove illegal images from search results and report them to the appropriate authorities. In the UK, the Internet Watch Foundation, a non-government organisation, maintains a blacklist of what it deems ‘potentially criminal’ content, and many Internet service providers block access based on this list.

    While well-intentioned, the IWF and its blacklist should raise some concerns. Firstly, a vigilante organisation operating in secret and with no government oversight acting as the nation’s morality police has serious implications for freedom of speech. Secondly, the blocks imposed are sometimes more far-reaching than intended. In one incident, an attempt to block the cover image of the Scorpions album Virgin Killer hosted by Wikipedia (in itself a dubious decision) rendered the entire related article inaccessible as well as interfered with editing.

    Net neutrality

    Content filtering, or more precisely the lack thereof, is central to the concept of net neutrality. Usually discussed in the context of Internet service providers, this is the principle that the user should have equal, unfiltered access to all content. As a consequence, ISPs should not be held responsible for the content they deliver. Compare this to how the postal system works.

    The current debate shows that the principle of net neutrality is important not only at the ISP level, but should also include providers of essential services on the Internet. This means search engines should not be responsible for or be required to filter results, email hosts should not be required to scan users’ messages, and so on. No mandatory censoring can be effective without infringing the essential liberties of freedom of speech and press.

    Social networks operate in a less well-defined space. They are clearly not part of the essential Internet infrastructure, and they require that users sign up and agree to their terms and conditions. Because of this, they can include restrictions that would be unacceptable for the Internet as a whole. At the same time, social networks are growing in importance as means of communication between people, and as such they have a moral obligation to act fairly and apply their rules in a transparent manner.

    Facebook was recently under fire, accused of not taking sufficient measures to curb ‘hate speech,’ particularly against women. Eventually they pledged to review their policies and methods, and reducing the proliferation of such content will surely make the web a better place. Nevertheless, one must ask how Facebook (or another social network) might react to similar pressure from, say, a religious group demanding removal of ‘blasphemous’ content. What about demands from a foreign government ? Only yesterday, the Turkish prime minister Erdogan branded Twitter ‘a plague’ in a TV interview.

    Rather than impose upon Internet companies the burden of law enforcement, we should provide them the latitude to set their own policies as well as the legal confidence to stand firm in the face of unreasonable demands. The usual market forces will promote those acting responsibly.

    Further reading

  • Revision 37408 : déplacement de chaines de langue Faire refonctionner l’encodage sonore

    18 avril 2010, par kent1@… — Log

    déplacement de chaines de langue
    Faire refonctionner l’encodage sonore