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• The Guide to an Ethical Web : With Big Data Comes Big Responsibility

  13 mars, par Alex Carmona

  Roughly two-thirds of Earth’s 8 billion people use the internet for communication, education, entertainment, business and more. We are connected globally in ways previous generations could’ve never dreamed of. It’s been a wild ride, and we’re just starting.

  Many users have learned that experiences online can be a mix of good and bad. Sometimes, the bad can feel like it outweighs the good, particularly when large tech companies use our data shadily, cut corners on accessibility or act in any other way that devalues the human being behind the screen.

  As fellow internet citizens, what responsibility do we have to create a more ethical web for our customers ?

  In this article, we’ll look at ethical principles online and how to act (and not act) to build trust, reach customers regardless of ability, safeguard privacy and stay compliant while improving business outcomes.

  

  What is an “ethical web” ?

  When we talk about the ethical web, we’re talking about the use of the internet in an ethical way. Among other values, it involves transparency, consent and restraint. It applies the Golden Rule to the internet : Treat others (and their data and user experience) how you’d want yourself (and yours) to be treated. 

  With limited oversight, the internet has evolved in ways that often prioritise profit over user rights. While selling data or pushing cookies might seem logical in this context, they can undermine trust and reputation. And the tide is slowly but surely shifting as consumers and legislators push back.

  Consumers no longer want to buy from companies that will use their data in ways they don’t agree to. In 2022, 75% of UK and US consumers surveyed said they were uncomfortable purchasing from businesses with weak data ethics.

  Legislators worldwide have been taking part in this effort for nearly a decade, with laws like GDPR in the EU and LGPD in Brazil, as well as the various state laws in the US, like California’s CCPA and Virginia’s VCDPA. 

  Even tech giants are no longer above the law, like Meta, which was fined over a billion Euros for GDPR violations in 2023.

  

  These changes may make the internet feel less business-friendly at first glance, but ethical choices ultimately build a stronger digital ecosystem for both companies and consumers. 

  Likewise, all internet users alike can make this happen by shunning short-term profit and convenience for healthier, long-term choices and behaviour.

  As we dig into what it takes to build an ethical web, remember that no company or individual is free from mistakes in these areas nor is it an overnight fix. Progress is made one click at a time.

  Ethical SEO : Optimising your content and your ethics

  Content creation and search engine optimisation (SEO) require so much work that it’s hard to fault creators for not always abiding by search engine guidelines and seeking shortcuts – especially when there’s a sea of LinkedIn posts about how copying/pasting ChatGPT responses helped someone rank #1 for several keywords in one week.

  However, users turn to Google and other search engines for something of substance that will guide or entertain them.

  Content meets customer needs and is more likely to lead to sales when it’s well-written, original and optimised just enough to make it easier to find on the first page of results. This doesn’t happen when content teams dilute quality and waste a reader or viewer’s time on posts that will only yield a higher bounce rate.

  Some SEO pros do find success by building backlinks through private blog networks or crafting a million unedited posts with generative AI, but it’s short-lived. Google and other search engines always catch up, and their content plummets or gets penalised and delisted with every new update.

  Content teams can still rank at the top while sticking to ethical SEO principles. Here’s a sample list of dos and don’ts to get started :

  • Do put content quality above all else. Make content that serves the audience, not just a brand or partner ad network.
  • Do apply the E-E-A-T framework. Search engines value content written by authors who bring expertise, experience, authority and trust (E-E-A-T).
  • Don’t keyword stuff. This might have worked in the early days of SEO, but it hurts readability and now harms article performance.
  • Do use alt text as intended. While it can still help SEO, alt text should prioritise accessibility for users with screen readers.

  • Don’t steal content. Whether it’s violating copyright, copying/pasting other people’s content or simply paraphrasing without citation, companies should never steal content.
  • Don’t steal ideas. It’s okay to join in on a current conversation or trends in an industry, but content creators should be sure they have something valuable to add.
  • Do use AI tools as partners, not creators. AI can be an incredible aid in crafting content, but it should never be posted without a human’s touch.

  When we follow ethical SEO guidelines and get more clients with our content, how do we best handle their data ?

  Ethical data governance : Important principles and how to avoid data misuse

  Data governance comprises every aspect of how a company manages data, including storage, security, privacy, lifecycle management, setting policies and maintaining compliance with laws like GDPR and HIPAA.

  Applying data ethics to governance is doing it all in a transparent, restrained way that acknowledges an individual’s right to ownership over their data. 

  For organisations, this translates to getting consent to collect data and clearly spelling out how it will be stored and used — and sticking to it.

  If a user’s birth date is needed for legal reasons, it cannot be sold to a third party or later used for something else without explicit permission. Reusing data in ways that stray from its original purpose is a form of commingling, one of the data misuses that is easy for even well-intentioned teams to do accidentally.

  Ethical data governance also includes the vigilant safeguarding of users’ data and minimising potential privacy issues.

  Failing to implement and adhere to strong security measures leads to situations like the National Public Data (NPD) breach, where cyber criminals expose the addresses, phone numbers and social security numbers of hundreds of millions of people. This was due in large part to a weakness in storing login credentials and a lack of password policy enforcement.

  No one at NPD wanted this to happen, but security likely took a backseat to other business concerns, leading to the company’s filing for bankruptcy.

  More importantly, as a data broker that aggregates information from other sources, the people affected likely had no clue this organisation had been buying and selling their data. The companies originally entrusted with their information helped provide the leaked data, showing a lack of care for privacy.

  Situations like this reinforce the need for strict data protection laws and for companies to refine their data governance approach. 

  Businesses can improve their data governance posturing with managers and other higher-ups setting the right tone at the top. If leadership takes a firm and disciplined approach by setting and adhering to strong policies, the rest of the team will follow and minimise the chances of data misuse and security incidents.

  One way to start is by using tools that make the principles of data ethics easier to follow.

  Ethical web analytics : Drawing insights while respecting privacy

  Web analytics tools are designed to gather data about users and what they do while visiting a site.
  The most popular tool worldwide is Google Analytics (GA). Its brand name and feature set carry a lot of weight, but many former users have switched to alternatives due to dissatisfaction with the changes made in GA4 and reservations about the way Google handles data.

  

  Google is another tech giant that has been slapped with massive GDPR fines for issues over its data processing practices. It has run so afoul of compliance that it was banned in France and Austria for a while. Additionally, in the US Department of Justice’s ongoing antitrust lawsuit against Google, the company’s data tracking has been targeted for both how it affects users and potential rivals.

  Unlike GA, ethical web analytics tools allow websites to get the data they need while respecting user privacy.

  Matomo offers privacy protections like :

  • Providing data anonymisation and IP anonymisation
  • Allowing users the ability to not process personally identifiable information (PII)
  • Disabling the ability to track users across websites by default to make compliance easier
  • Giving users full control over their customer data without the risk of it getting into the hands of third parties
  • Much more

  We’re also fully transparent about how we handle your data on the web and in the Matomo Cloud and in how we build Matomo as an open-source tool. Our openness allows you to be more open with your customers and how you ethically use their data.

  There are other GDPR-compliant tools on the market, but some of them, like Adobe Analytics, require more setup from users for compliance, don’t grant full control over data and don’t offer on-premise options or consent-free tracking.

  Beyond tracking, there are other ways to make a user’s experience more enjoyable and ethical.

  Ethical user experience : User-friendliness, not user-hostility

  When designing a website or application, creating a positive user experience (UX) always comes first. 

  The UI should be simple to navigate, data and privacy policy information should be easy to find and customers should feel welcomed. They must never be tricked into consenting or installing. 

  When businesses resort to user-hostile tactics, the UX becomes a battle between the user and them. What may seem like a clever tactic to increase sign-ups can alienate potential customers and ruin a brand’s image. 

  Here are some best practices for creating a more ethical UX :

  Avoid dark patterns

  Dark patterns are UI designs and strategies that mislead users into paying for, agreeing to or doing something they don’t actually want. These designs are unethical because they’re manipulative and remove transparency and consent from the interaction. 

  In some cases, they’re illegal and can bring lawsuits. 

  In 2023, Italy’s Data Protection Authority (DPA) fined a digital marketing company €300,000 for alleged GDPR violations. They employed dark patterns by asking customers to accept cookies again after rejecting them and placing the option to reject cookies outside the cookie banner. 

  Despite their legality and 56% of surveyed customers losing trust in platforms that employ dark patterns, a review by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) found that 76% of the websites examined contained at least one dark pattern.

  

  If a company is worried that they may be relying on dark patterns, here are some examples of what to avoid :

  • Pre-ticking boxes to have users agree to third-party cookies, sign up for a newsletter, etc.
  • Complicated cookie banners without a one-click way to reject all unnecessary cookies
  • Hiding important text with text colour, under drop-down menus or requiring hovering over something with a mouse 
  • “Confirm shaming” users with emotionally manipulative language to delay subscription cancellations or opt out of tracking 

  Improve trust centres

  Trust centres are the sections of a website that outline how a company approaches topics like data governance, user privacy and security. 

  They should be easy to find and understand. If a user has a question about a company’s data policy, it should be one click away with language that doesn’t require a law degree to comprehend.

  Additionally, trust centres must cover all relevant details, including where data is stored and who does the subprocessing. This is an area where even some of the best-intentioned companies may miss the mark, but it’s also an easy fix and a great place to start creating a more ethical web.

  Embrace inclusivity

  People want to feel welcomed to the party — and deserve to be — regardless of their race, ethnicity, religion, gender identity, orientation or ability. 

  Inclusivity is great for customers and companies alike. 

  A study by the Unstereotype Alliance found that progressive marketing drove up short- and long-term sales, customer loyalty and purchase consideration. A Kantar study reported that 75% of surveyed customers around the world consider a company’s diversity and inclusivity when making a purchasing decision.

  An easy place to start embracing inclusivity is with a website’s blog images. The people in photos and cartoons should reflect a variety of different backgrounds.

  Another area to improve inclusivity is by making your site or app more accessible.

  Accessibility ethics : An internet for everyone

  Accessibility is designing your product in a way that everyone can enjoy or take part in, regardless of ability. Digital accessibility is applying this design to the web and applications by making accommodations like adding descriptive alt text to images for users with visual impairments.

  Just because someone has a hearing, vision, speech, mobility, neurological or other impairment doesn’t mean they have any less of a right to shop online, read silly listicles or get into arguments with strangers in the comment section.

  Beyond being the right thing to do, the Fable team shows there’s a strong business case for accessibility. People with disabilities have money to spend, and the accommodations businesses make for them often benefit people without disabilities, too – as anyone who streams with subtitles can attest.

  Despite being a win-win for greater inclusivity and business, much of the web is still inaccessible. WebAIM, a leader in web accessibility, studied a million web pages and found an average of over 55 accessibility errors per page.

  We must all play a more active role in improving the experience of our users with disabilities, and we can start with accessibility auditing and testing.

  An accessibility audit is an evaluation of how usable a site is for people with disabilities. It may be done in-house by an expert on a company’s team or, for better results, a third-party consultant who can give a fully objective audit.

  Auditing might consist of running an automated tool or manually checking your site, PDFs, emails and other materials for compliance with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines list.

  Accessibility testing is narrower than auditing. It checks how accessibility or its absence looks in action. It can be done after a site, app, email or product is released, but it ideally starts in the development process.

  Testing should be done manually and with automated tools. Manual checks put developers in the position of their users, allowing them to get a better idea of what users are dealing with firsthand. Automated tools can save time and money, but there should always be manual testing in the process.

  Auditing gives teams an idea of where to start with improving accessibility, and testing helps make sure accommodations work as intended.

  Conclusion

  At Matomo, we strive to make the ethical web a reality, starting with web analytics.

  For our users, it means full compliance with stringent policies like GDPR and providing 100% accurate data. For their customers, it’s collecting only the data required to do the job and enabling cookieless configurations to get rid of annoying banners. 

  For both parties, it’s knowing that respect for privacy is one of our foundational values, whether it’s the ability to look under Matomo’s hood and read our open-source code, the option to store data on-premise to minimise the chances of it falling into the wrong hands or one of the other ways that we protect privacy.

  If you weren’t 100% ethical before, it’s never too late to change. You can even bring your Google Analytics data with you.

  Join us in our mission to improve the web. We can’t do it alone ! 

  Try Matomo free for 21 days

  no credit card required

• Six Best Amplitude Alternatives

  10 décembre 2024, par Daniel Crough

  Product analytics is big business. Gone are the days when we could only guess what customers were doing with our products or services. Now, we can track, visualise, and analyse how they interact with them and, with that, constantly improve and optimise. 

  The problem is that many product analytics tools are expensive and complicated — especially for smaller businesses. They’re also packed with functionality more attuned to the needs of massive companies. 

  Amplitude is such a tool. It’s brilliant and it has all the bells and whistles that you’ll probably never need. Fortunately, there are alternatives. In this guide, we’ll explore the best of those alternatives and, along the way, provide the insight you’ll need to select the best analytics tool for your organisation. 

  Amplitude : a brief overview

  To set the stage, it makes sense to understand exactly what Amplitude offers. It’s a real-time data analytics tool for tracking user actions and gaining insight into engagement, retention, and revenue drivers. It helps you analyse that data and find answers to questions about what happened, why it happened, and what to do next.

  However, as good as Amplitude is, it has some significant disadvantages. While it does offer data export functionality, that seems deliberately restricted. It allows data exports for specific events, but it’s not possible to export complete data sets to manipulate or format in another tool. Even pulling it into a CSV file has a 10,000-row limit. There is an API, but not many third-party integration options.

  Getting data in can also be a problem. Amplitude requires manual tags on events that must be tracked for analysis, which can leave holes in the data if every possible subsequent action isn’t tagged. That’s a time-consuming exercise, and it’s made worse because those tags will have to be updated every time the website or app is updated. 

  As good as it is, it can also be overwhelming because it’s stacked with features that can create confusion for novice or inexperienced analysts. It’s also expensive. There is a freemium plan that limits functionality and events. Still, when an organisation wants to upgrade for additional functionality or to analyse more events, the step up to the paid plan is massive.

  Lastly, Amplitude has made some strides towards being a web analytics option, but it lacks some basic functionality that may frustrate people who are trying to see the full picture from web to app.

  Snapshot of Amplitude alternatives

  So, in place of Amplitude, what product analytics tools are available that won’t break the bank and still provide the functionality needed to improve your product ? The good news is that there are literally hundreds of alternatives, and we’ve picked out six of the best.

  1. Matomo – Best privacy-focused web and mobile analytics
  2. Mixpanel – Best for product analytics
  3. Google Analytics – Best free option
  4. Adobe Analytics – Best for predictive analytics
  5. Umami – Best lightweight tool for product analytics
  6. Heap – Best for automatic user data capture

  A more detailed analysis of the Amplitude alternatives

  Now, let’s dive deeper into each of the six Amplitude alternatives. We’ll cover standout features, integrations, pricing, use cases and community critiques. By the end, you’ll know which analytics tool can help optimise website and app performance to grow your business.

  1. Matomo – Best privacy-friendly web and app analytics

  Privacy is a big concern these days, especially for organisations with a presence in the European Union (EU). Unlike other analytics tools, Matomo ensures you comply with privacy laws and regulations, like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and California’s Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA).

  Matomo helps businesses get the insights they need without compromising user privacy. It’s also one of the few self-hosted tools, ensuring data never has to leave your site.

  Matomo is open-source, which is also rare in this class of tools. That means it’s available for anyone to adapt and customise as they wish. Everything you need to build custom APIs is there.

  

  Its most useful capabilities include visitor logs and session recordings to trace the entire customer journey, spot drop-off points, and fine-tune sales funnels. The platform also comes with heatmaps and A/B testing tools. Heatmaps provide a useful visual representation of your data, while A/B testing allows for more informed, data-driven decisions.

  Despite its range of features, many reviewers laud Matomo’s user interface for its simplicity and user-friendliness. 

  Why Matomo : Matomo is an excellent alternative because it fills in the gaps where Amplitude comes up short, like with cookieless tracking. Also, while Amplitude focuses mainly on behavioural analytics, Matomo offers both behavioural and traditional analytics, which allows more profound insight into your data. Furthermore, Matomo fully complies with the strictest privacy regulations worldwide, including GDPR, LGPD, and HIPAA.

  Standout features include multi-touch attribution, visits log, content engagement, ecommerce, customer segments, event tracking, goal tracking, custom dimensions, custom reports, automated email reports, tag manager, sessions recordings, roll-up reporting that can pull data from multiple websites or mobile apps, Google Analytics importer, Matomo tag manager, comprehensive visitor tracking, heatmaps, and more.

  Integrations with 100+ technologies, including Cloudflare, WordPress, Magento, Google Ads, Drupal, WooCommerce, Vue, SharePoint and Wix.

  Pricing is free for Matomo On-Premise and $23 per month for Matomo Cloud, which comes with a 21-day free trial (no credit card required).

  Strengths

  • Privacy focused
  • Cookieless consent banners
  • 100% accurate, unsampled data
  • Open-source code 
  • Complete data ownership (no sharing with third parties)
  • Self-hosting and cloud-based options
  • Built-in GDPR Manager
  • Custom alerts, white labelling, dashboards and reports

  Community critiques 

  • Premium features are expensive and proprietary
  • Learning curve for non-technical users

  2. Mixpanel – Best for product analytics

  Mixpanel is a dedicated product analytics tool. It tracks and analyses customer interactions with a product across different platforms and helps optimise digital products to improve the user experience. It works with real-time data and can provide answers from customer and revenue data in seconds.

  It also presents data visualisations to show how customers interact with products.

  

  Mixpanel allows you to play around filters and views to reveal and chart some useful customer trends. (Image source)

  Why Mixpanel : One of the strengths of this platform is the ability to test hypotheses. Need to test an ambitious idea ? Mixpanel data can do it with real user analytics. That allows you to make data-driven decisions to find the best path forward.

  Standout features include automatic funnel segment analysis, behavioural segmentation, cohort segmentation, collaboration support, customisable dashboards, data pipelines, filtered data views, SQL queries, warehouse connectors and a wide range of pre-built integrations.

  Integrations available include Appcues, AppsFlyer, AWS, Databox, Figma, Google Cloud, Hotjar, HubSpot, Intercom, Integromat, MailChimp, Microsoft Azure, Segment, Slack, Statsig, VWO, Userpilot, WebEngage, Zapier, ZOH) and dozens of others.

  Pricing starts with a freemium plan valid for up to 20 million events per month. The growth plan is affordable at $25 per month and adds features like no-code data transformations and data pipeline add-ons. The enterprise version runs at a monthly cost of $833 and provides the full suite of features and services and premium support.

  There’s a caveat. Those prices only allow up to 1,000 Monthly Tracked Users (MTUs), calculated based on the number of visitors that perform a qualifying event each month. Beyond that, MTU plans start at $20,000 per year.

  Strengths

  • User behaviour and interaction tracking
  • Unlimited cohort segmentation capabilities
  • Drop-off analysis showing where users get stuck
  • A/B testing capabilities

  Community critiques 

  • Expensive enterprise features
  • Extensive setup and configuration requirements

  3. Google Analytics 4 – Best free web analytics tool

  The first thing to know about Google Analytics 4 is that it’s a web analytics tool. In other words, it tracks sessions, not user behaviours in app environments. It can provide details on how people found your website and how they go there, but it doesn’t offer much detail on how people use your product. 

  There is also an enterprise version, Google Analytics 360, which is not free. We’ve broken down the differences between the two versions elsewhere.

  

  GA4’s audience overview shows visitors, sessions, session lengths, bounce rates, and user engagement data. (Image source)

   

  Why Google Analytics : It’s great for gauging the effectiveness of marketing campaigns, tracking goal completions (purchases, cart additions, etc.) and spotting trends and patterns in user engagement.

  Standout features include built-in automation, customisable conversion goals, data drill-down functionality, detailed web acquisition metrics, media spend ROI calculations and out-of-the-box web analytics reporting.

  Integrations include all major CRM platforms, CallRail, DoubleClick DCM, Facebook, Hootsuite, Marketo, Shopify, VWO, WordPress, Zapier and Zendesk, among many others.

  Pricing is free for the basic version (Google Analytics 4) and scales based on features and data volume. The advanced features (in Google Analytics 360) are pitched at enterprises, and pricing is custom.

  Strengths

  • Free to start
  • Multiple website management
  • Traffic source details
  • Up-to-date traffic data

  Community critiques 

  • Steep learning curve 
  • Data sampling

  4. Adobe Analytics – Best for predictive analytics

  A fully configured Adobe Analytics implementation is the Swiss army knife of analytics tools. It begins with web analytics, adds product analytics, and then wraps it up nicely with predictive analytics.

  Unlike all the Amplitude alternatives here, there’s no free version. Adobe Analytics has a complicated pricing matrix with options like website analytics, marketing analytics, attribution, and predictive analytics. It also has a wide range of customisation options that will appeal to large businesses. But for smaller organisations, it may all be a bit too much.

  Mixpanel allows you to play around filters and views to reveal and chart some useful customer trends. (Image source)

  

  Adobe Analytics’ cross-channel attribution ties actions from different channels into a single customer journey. (Image source)

   

  Why Adobe Analytics : For current Adobe customers, this is a logical next step. Either way, Adobe Analytics can combine, evaluate, and analyse data from any part of the customer journey. It analyses that data with predictive intelligence to provide insights to enhance customer experiences.

   

  Standout features include AI-powered prediction analysis, attribution analysis, multi-channel data collection, segmentation and detailed customer journey analytics, product analytics and web analytics.

   

  Integrations are available through the Adobe Experience Cloud Exchange. Adobe Analytics also supports data exchange with brands such as BrightEdge, Branch.io, Google Ads, Hootsuite, Invoca, Salesforce and over 200 other integrations.

   

  Pricing starts at $500 monthly, but prospective customers are encouraged to contact the company for a needs-based quotation.

   

  Strengths

  • Drag-and-drop interface
  • Flexible segmentation 
  • Easy-to-create conversion funnels
  • Threshold-based alerts and notifications

  Community critiques 

  • No free version
  • Lack of technical support
  • Steep learning curve

  5. Umami – Best lightweight tool for web analytics

  The second of our open-source analytics solutions is Umami, a favourite in the software development community. Like Matomo, it’s a powerful and privacy-focused alternative that offers complete data control and respects user privacy. It’s also available as a cloud-based freemium plan or as a self-hosted solution.

   

  

  Umami’s dashboard reveals the busiest times of day and which pages are visited when.(Image source)

   

  Why Umami : Unami has a clear and simple user interface (UI) that lets you measure important metrics such as page visits, referrers, and user agents. It also features event tracking, although some reviewers complain that it’s quite limited.

  Standout features can be summed up in five words : privacy, simplicity, lightweight, real-time, and open-source. Unami’s UI is clean, intuitive and modern, and it doesn’t slow down your website. 

  Integrations include plugins for VuePress, Gatsby, Craft CMS, Docusaurus, WordPress and Publii, and a module for Nuxt. Unami’s API communicates with Javascript, PHP Laravel and Python.

  Pricing is free for up to 100k monthly events and three websites, but with limited support and data retention restrictions. The Pro plan costs $20 a month and gives you unlimited websites and team members, a million events (plus $0.00002 for each event over that), five years of data and email support. Their Enterprise plan is priced custom.

  Strengths

  • Freemium plan
  • Open-source
  • Lightweight 

  Community critiques 

  • Limited support options
  • Data retention restrictions
  • No funnel functionality

  6. Heap – Best for automatic data capture

  Product analytics with a twist is a good description of Heap. It features event auto-capture to track user interactions across all touchpoints in the user journey. This lets you fully understand how and why customers engage with your product and website. 

  Using a single Javascript snippet, Heap automatically collects data on everything users do, including how they got to your website. It also helps identify how different cohorts engage with your product, providing the critical insights teams need to boost conversion rates.

  

  Heap’s journeys feature combines funnel and path analysis. (Image source)

   

  Why Heap : The auto-capture functionality solves a major shortcoming of many product analytics tools — manual tracking. Instead of having to set up manual tags on events, Heap automatically captures all data on user activity from the start. 

  Standout features include event auto-capture, session replay, heatmaps, segments (or cohorts) and journeys, the last of which combines the functions of funnel and path analysis tools into a single feature.

  Integrations include AWS, Google, Microsoft Azure, major CRM platforms, Snowflake and many other data manipulation platforms.

  Pricing is quote-based across all payment tiers. There is also a free plan and a 14-day free trial.

  Strengths

  • Session replay
  • Heatmaps 
  • User segmentation
  • Simple setup 
  • Event auto-capture 

  Community critiques 

  • No A/B testing functionality
  • No GDPR compliance support

  Choosing the best solution for your team

  When selecting a tool, it’s crucial to understand how product analytics and web analytics solutions differ. 

  Product analytics tools track users or accounts and record the features they use, the funnels they move through, and the cohorts they’re part of. Web analytics tools focus more on sessions than users because they’re interested in data that can help improve website usage. 

  Some tools combine product and web analytics to do both of these jobs.

  Area of focus

  Product analytics tools track user behaviour within SaaS- or app-based products. They’re helpful for analysing features, user journeys, engagement metrics, product development and iteration. 

  Web analytics tools analyse web traffic, user demographics, and traffic sources. They’re most often used for marketing and SEO insights.

  Level of detail

  Product analytics tools provide in-depth tracking and analysis of user interactions, feature usage, and cohort analysis.

  Web analytics tools provide broader data on page views, bounce rates, and conversion tracking to analyse overall site performance.

  Whatever tools you try, your first step should be to search for reviews online to see what people who’ve used them think about them. There are some great review sites you can try. See what people are saying on Capterra, G2, Gartner Peer Insights, or TrustRadius. 

  Use Matomo to power your web and app analytics

  Web and product analytics is a competitive field, and there are many other tools worth considering. This list is a small cross-section of what’s available.

  That said, if you have concerns about privacy and costs, consider choosing Matomo. Start your 21-day free trial today.

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• How to combine 100 video clips with transition using FFMPEG ? [closed]

  17 octobre 2024, par Muhammad Lutfi Rahmawan

  I've been working on project which involves FFMPEG to process video. The goal is to produce a video from several clips and combine them with transition to each clips. We've succeeded to create video from 20 clips and 19 transitions are applied to merge each clips. But when it comes to a larger amount of clips, say 50, it becomes be failed.

  


  The first thing we do is split the original video into several clips based on user selection and this command is successful (log splitting). Then we combine the clips with transition using below command.

  


  Here is the sample command of FFMPEG which failed :

  


  ffmpeg -y -i /tmp/0.mp4 -i /tmp/1.mp4 -i /tmp/2.mp4 -i /tmp/3.mp4 -i /tmp/4.mp4 -i /tmp/5.mp4 -i /tmp/6.mp4 -i /tmp/7.mp4 -i /tmp/8.mp4 -i /tmp/9.mp4 -i /tmp/10.mp4 -i /tmp/11.mp4 -i /tmp/12.mp4 -i /tmp/13.mp4 -i /tmp/14.mp4 -i /tmp/15.mp4 -i /tmp/16.mp4 -i /tmp/17.mp4 -i /tmp/18.mp4 -i /tmp/19.mp4 -i /tmp/20.mp4 -i /tmp/21.mp4 -i /tmp/22.mp4 -i /tmp/23.mp4 -i /tmp/24.mp4 -i /tmp/25.mp4 -i /tmp/26.mp4 -i /tmp/27.mp4 -i /tmp/28.mp4 -i /tmp/29.mp4 -i /tmp/30.mp4 -i /tmp/31.mp4 -i /tmp/32.mp4 -i /tmp/33.mp4 -i /tmp/34.mp4 -i /tmp/35.mp4 -i /tmp/36.mp4 -i /tmp/37.mp4 -i /tmp/38.mp4 -i /tmp/39.mp4 -i /tmp/40.mp4 -i /tmp/41.mp4 -i /tmp/42.mp4 -i /tmp/43.mp4 -i /tmp/44.mp4 -i /tmp/45.mp4 -i /tmp/46.mp4 -i /tmp/47.mp4 -i /tmp/48.mp4 -i /tmp/49.mp4 -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=24.474[tv0];[0:a][1:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta0];[tv0][2:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=31.674[tv1];[ta0][2:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta1];[tv1][3:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=37.234[tv2];[ta1][3:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta2];[tv2][4:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=55.348[tv3];[ta2][4:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta3];[tv3][5:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=76.07[tv4];[ta3][5:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta4];[tv4][6:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=82.622[tv5];[ta4][6:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta5];[tv5][7:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=103.122[tv6];[ta5][7:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta6];[tv6][8:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=114.502[tv7];[ta6][8:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta7];[tv7][9:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=122.258[tv8];[ta7][9:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta8];[tv8][10:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=130.094[tv9];[ta8][10:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta9];[tv9][11:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=134.33[tv10];[ta9][11:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta10];[tv10][12:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=141.85[tv11];[ta10][12:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta11];[tv11][13:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=145.59[tv12];[ta11][13:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta12];[tv12][14:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=154.314[tv13];[ta12][14:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta13];[tv13][15:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=155.998[tv14];[ta13][15:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta14];[tv14][16:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=164.924[tv15];[ta14][16:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta15];[tv15][17:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=168.184[tv16];[ta15][17:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta16];[tv16][18:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=174.796[tv17];[ta16][18:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta17];[tv17][19:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=186.724[tv18];[ta17][19:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta18];[tv18][20:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=191.23[tv19];[ta18][20:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta19];[tv19][21:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=195.778[tv20];[ta19][21:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta20];[tv20][22:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=198.118[tv21];[ta20][22:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta21];[tv21][23:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=201.506[tv22];[ta21][23:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta22];[tv22][24:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=204.422[tv23];[ta22][24:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta23];[tv23][25:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=210.243[tv24];[ta23][25:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta24];[tv24][26:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=215.417[tv25];[ta24][26:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta25];[tv25][27:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=219.057[tv26];[ta25][27:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta26];[tv26][28:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=221.277[tv27];[ta26][28:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta27];[tv27][29:v]xfade=transition=circlecrop:duration=0.5:offset=224.875[tv28];[ta27][29:a]acrossfade=d=0.5[ta28];[tv28][ta28][30:v][30:a][31:v][31:a][32:v][32:a][33:v][33:a][34:v][34:a][35:v][35:a][36:v][36:a][37:v][37:a][38:v][38:a][39:v][39:a][40:v][40:a][41:v][41:a][42:v][42:a][43:v][43:a][44:v][44:a][45:v][45:a][46:v][46:a][47:v][47:a][48:v][48:a][49:v][49:a]concat=n=21:v=1:a=1[v][a]" -map "[v]" -map "[a]" /tmp/export-clip-94989d271066ace00459-9ba57089-d833-4cef-beb7-3c847e9958af.mp4


  


  The error is as follows :

  


  ffmpeg version 7.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2024 the FFmpeg developers\n  built with gcc 13 (Ubuntu 13.2.0-23ubuntu4)\n  configuration: --disable-debug --disable-doc --disable-ffplay --enable-alsa --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffprobe --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libdav1d --enable-libfdk_aac --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-libkvazaar --enable-liblc3 --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libplacebo --enable-librav1e --enable-librist --enable-libshaderc --enable-libsrt --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libtheora --enable-libv4l2 --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpl --enable-libvpx --enable-libvvenc --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --enable-libzmq --enable-nonfree --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-opencl --enable-openssl --enable-stripping --enable-vaapi --enable-vdpau --enable-version3 --enable-vulkan\n  libavutil      59. 39.100 / 59. 39.100\n  libavcodec     61. 19.100 / 61. 19.100\n  libavformat    61.  7.100 / 61.  7.100\n  libavdevice    61.  3.100 / 61.  3.100\n  libavfilter    10.  4.100 / 10.  4.100\n  libswscale      8.  3.100 /  8.  3.100\n  libswresample   5.  3.100 /  5.  3.100\n  libpostproc    58.  3.100 / 58.  3.100\n[mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 0x56102f0e5580] moov atom not found\n[in#0 @ 0x56102f0ed480] Error opening input: Invalid data found when processing input\nError opening input file /tmp/0.mp4.\nError opening input files: Invalid data found when processing input\n


  


  It stated that /tmp/0.mp4 has invalid data moov atom not found

  


  This only occurs when the number of clips > 20

  


  Additional info :

  


  

  • I can run without any error in my local environment using Windows 11 (FFMPEG version N-114902-g277f051ff6-20240421)

  


  • It fails on AWS Fargate environment using Ubuntu base image docker (FFMPEG version 7.1)

  


  


  I hope I can get a solutive answer based on my case at least I get what is wrong with my approach