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• How do I get strftime working ? Nothing has been working so far

  17 janvier 2020, par ENunn

  Trying to add a timestamp for ffmpeg for capture card recoridngs but its not working at all.

  ffmpeg -f dshow -rtbufsize 100M -i video="Game Capture HD60 S (Video) (#01)":audio="Game Capture HD60 S (Audio) (#01)" -c:v mpeg2video -q:v 0 -r 29.97 -c:a aac -b:a 192k -threads 12 -flags +ilme+ildct -top 1 -strftime 1 "file-%Y%m%d-%%04d.ts"

  The output file is basically just "file-%Y%m%d-%%04d.ts", no dates or times. Any help ?

• FFMPEG : How to chose a stream from all stream

  17 janvier 2020, par Ali

  I try to convert a UDP stream (that genrated from DVB signal) to HLS m3u8 file with this code :

  ffmpeg -i udp://239.1.2.1:60001 -acodec aac -strict -2 -vcodec libx264 -hls_wrap 100 -f hls /var/www/html/ts/1.m3u8 

  UDP stream contain 1 channel (in this case IRIB-TV1).

  When I run this above code, ffmpeg detect all of service and channel that streamed from DVB card with this message :

  Input #0, mpegts, from 'udp://239.1.2.1:60001':
  
  Duration: N/A, start: 77906.812644, bitrate: N/A
  
  Program 101 
  
  Metadata:
  
    service_name    : IRIB-TV1
  
    service_provider: IRIB
  
  Stream #0:0[0x3f2]: Video: h264 (Main) ([27][0][0][0] / 0x001B), yuv420p(tv, bt470bg), 720x576 [SAR 12:11 DAR 15:11], 25 fps, 50 tbr, 90k tbn, 50 tbc
  
  Stream #0:1[0x3f3](per): Audio: aac_latm ([17][0][0][0] / 0x0011), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp
  
  Program 102 
  
  Metadata:
  
    service_name    : IRIB-TV2
  
    service_provider: IRIB
  
  Program 103 
  
  Metadata:
  
    service_name    : IRIB-TV3
  
    service_provider: IRIB
  
  Program 104 
  
  Metadata:
  
    service_name    : IRIB-TV4
  
    service_provider: IRIB

  As you see ffmpeg finf 4 channel in UDP stream, But VLC play only channel 1(IRIB-TV1).

  Now I have have 2 question :

  1-Can I get all channel and service via this ffmpeg code ?

  2-Can I choose a special stream from this ffmpeg code ?(I know that ffmpeg can choose a stream with -map option but I want to choose other service_name that in output log)

  output file is :

   ffmpeg version 2.4.3-1ubuntu1~trusty6 Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the FFmpeg developers
  
    built on Nov 22 2014 17:07:19 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
  
    configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version='1ubuntu1~trusty6' --build-suffix=-ffmpeg --toolchain=hardened --extra-cflags= --extra-cxxflags= --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --shlibdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --enable-shared --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmodplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libshine --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-opengl --enable-x11grab --enable-libxvid --enable-libx265 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libiec61883 --enable-libzvbi --enable-libzmq --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-libsoxr --enable-openal --enable-libopencv
  
    libavutil      54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
  
    libavcodec     56.  1.100 / 56.  1.100
  
    libavformat    56.  4.101 / 56.  4.101
  
    libavdevice    56.  0.100 / 56.  0.100
  
    libavfilter     5.  1.100 /  5.  1.100
  
    libavresample   2.  1.  0 /  2.  1.  0
  
    libswscale      3.  0.100 /  3.  0.100
  
    libswresample   1.  1.100 /  1.  1.100
  
    libpostproc    53.  0.100 / 53.  0.100
  
  Splitting the commandline.
  
  Reading option '-loglevel' ... matched as option 'loglevel' (set logging level) with argument 'debug'.
  
  Reading option '-timeout' ... matched as AVOption 'timeout' with argument '6000000'.
  
  Reading option '-i' ... matched as input file with argument 'udp://239.1.2.1:60001?fifo_size=50000'.
  
  Reading option '-acodec' ... matched as option 'acodec' (force audio codec ('copy' to copy stream)) with argument 'copy'.
  
  Reading option '-vcodec' ... matched as option 'vcodec' (force video codec ('copy' to copy stream)) with argument 'copy'.
  
  Reading option '-preset' ... matched as AVOption 'preset' with argument 'ultrafast'.
  
  Reading option '-flags' ... matched as AVOption 'flags' with argument '-global_header'.
  
  Reading option '-f' ... matched as option 'f' (force format) with argument 'hls'.
  
  Reading option '-hls_time' ... matched as AVOption 'hls_time' with argument '20'.
  
  Reading option '-hls_wrap' ... matched as AVOption 'hls_wrap' with argument '5'.
  
  Reading option '/var/www/html/ts/1.m3u8' ... matched as output file.
  
  Finished splitting the commandline.
  
  Parsing a group of options: global .
  
  Applying option loglevel (set logging level) with argument debug.
  
  Successfully parsed a group of options.
  
  Parsing a group of options: input file udp://239.1.2.1:60001?fifo_size=50000.
  
  Successfully parsed a group of options.
  
  Opening an input file: udp://239.1.2.1:60001?fifo_size=50000.
  
  [udp @ 0x1967040] end receive buffer size reported is 131072
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] Format mpegts probed with size=2048 and score=100
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] stream=0 stream_type=1b pid=3f2 prog_reg_desc=
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] stream=1 stream_type=11 pid=3f3 prog_reg_desc=
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] Before avformat_find_stream_info() pos: 0 bytes read:14476 seeks:0
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] parser not found for codec none, packets or times may be invalid.
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] probing stream 1 pp:2500
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] Probe with size=853, packets=1 detected loas with score=51
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] probed stream 1
  
  [aac_latm @ 0x199e4e0] initializing latmctx
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] Current profile doesn't provide more RBSP data in PPS, skipping
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] Frame num gap 397 393
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] Frame num gap 397 394
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] Frame num gap 397 395
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] mmco: unref short failure
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] number of reference frames (0+4) exceeds max (3; probably corrupt input), discarding one
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no picture ooo
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] Increasing reorder buffer to 2
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no picture ooo
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] no picture 
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [h264 @ 0x199cc60] Current profile doesn't provide more RBSP data in PPS, skipping
  
      Last message repeated 3 times
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] max_analyze_duration 5000000 reached at 5034667 microseconds
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1977380] After avformat_find_stream_info() pos: 1142476 bytes read:1143604 seeks:0 frames:397
  
  Input #0, mpegts, from 'udp://239.1.2.1:60001?fifo_size=50000':
  
    Duration: N/A, start: 43581.024200, bitrate: N/A
  
    Program 101 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : IRIB-TV1
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
      Stream #0:0[0x3f2], 274, 1/90000: Video: h264 (Main) ([27][0][0][0] / 0x001B), yuv420p(tv, bt470bg), 720x576 [SAR 12:11 DAR 15:11], 1/50, 25 fps, 50 tbr, 90k tbn, 50 tbc
  
      Stream #0:1[0x3f3](per), 123, 1/90000: Audio: aac_latm ([17][0][0][0] / 0x0011), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp
  
    Program 102 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : IRIB-TV2
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 103 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : IRIB-TV3
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 104 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : IRIB-TV4
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 105 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : IRIB-TV5
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 106 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : IRINN
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 107 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : AMOOZESH
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 108 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : QURAN
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 119 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : SALAMAT
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 120 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : NASIM
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 151 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO IRAN
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 152 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO PAYAM
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 153 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO JAVAN
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 154 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO MAAREF
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 155 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO QURAN
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 156 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO FARHANG
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 157 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO SALAMAT
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 158 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO VARZESH
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 159 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO EGHTESAD
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 160 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO TEHRAN
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 161 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO AVAA
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 162 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO NAMAYESH
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 163 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO SABA
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 164 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : English Radio World Service
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 166 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : Arabic Radio World Service
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 167 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO BAHARAN
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 169 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO TELAVAT
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
    Program 170 
  
      Metadata:
  
        service_name    : RADIO GOFTEGO
  
        service_provider: IRIB
  
  Successfully opened the file.
  
  Parsing a group of options: output file /var/www/html/ts/1.m3u8.
  
  Applying option acodec (force audio codec ('copy' to copy stream)) with argument copy.
  
  Applying option vcodec (force video codec ('copy' to copy stream)) with argument copy.
  
  Applying option f (force format) with argument hls.
  
  Successfully parsed a group of options.
  
  Opening an output file: /var/www/html/ts/1.m3u8.
  
  Successfully opened the file.
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1967180] Using AVStream.codec.time_base as a timebase hint to the muxer is deprecated. Set AVStream.time_base instead.
  
      Last message repeated 1 times
  
  [mpegts @ 0x1967180] muxrate VBR, pcr every 2 pkts, sdt every 200, pat/pmt every 40 pkts
  
  Output #0, hls, to '/var/www/html/ts/1.m3u8':
  
    Metadata:
  
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• How to keep personally identifiable information safe

  23 janvier 2020, par Joselyn Khor
  The protection of personally identifiable information (PII) is important both for individuals, whose privacy may be compromised, and for businesses that may have their reputation ruined or be liable if PII is wrongly accessed, used, or shared.

  Curious about what PII is ? Here’s your introduction to personally identifiable information.

  Due to hacking, data leaks or data thievery, PII acquired can be combined with other pieces of information to form a more complete picture of you. On an individual level, this puts you at risk of identity theft, credit card theft or other harm caused by the fraudulent use of your personal information.

  On a business level, for companies who breach data privacy laws – like Cambridge Analytica’s harvesting of millions of FB profiles – the action leads to an erosion of trust. It can also impact your financial position as heavy fines can be imposed for the illegal use and processing of personally identifiable information.

  So what can you do to ensure PII compliance ?

  On an individual level :

  1. Don’t give your data away so easily. Although long, it’s worthwhile to read through privacy policies to make sure you know what you’re getting yourself into.
  2. Don’t just click ‘agree’ when faced with consent screens, as consent screens are majorly flawed. Users mostly always opt in without reading and without being properly informed what they opt in to.
  3. Did you know you’re most likely being tracked from website to website ? For example, Google can identify you across visits and websites. One of the things you can do is to disable third party cookies by default. Businesses can also use privacy friendly analytics which halt such tracking. 
  4. Use strong passwords.
  5. Be wary of public wifi – hackers can easily access your PII or sensitive data. Use a VPN (virtual private network), which lets you create a secure connection to a server of your choosing. This allows you to browse the internet in a safe manner.

  A PII compliance checklist for businesses/organisations :

  1. Identify where all PII exists and is stored – review and make sure this is in a safe environment.
  2. Identify laws that apply to you (GDPR, California privacy law, HIPAA) and follow your legal obligations.
  3. Create operational safeguards – policies and procedures for handling PII at an organisation level ; and building awareness to focus on the protection of PII.
  4. Encrypt databases and repositories where such info is kept.
  5. Create privacy-specific safeguards in the way your organisation collects, maintains, uses, and disseminates data so you protect the confidentiality of the data.
  6. Minimise the use, collection, and retention of PII – only collect and keep PII if it’s necessary for you to perform your legal business function.
  7. Conduct privacy impact assessments (PIA) to find and prevent privacy risks (identify what and why it’s to be collected ; how the information will be secured etc.).
  8. De-identify within the scope of your data collection and analytics tools.
  9. Anonymise data.
  10. Keep your privacy policy updated.
  11. Pseudonymisation.
  12. A more comprehensive guide for businesses can be found here : https://iapp.org/media/pdf/knowledge_center/NIST_Protecting_PII.pdf

  Unsure of what information could be considered PII ? Check out this list of examples.

  Additional resources :

  • https://www.umassmed.edu/it/security/compliance/what-is-pii/
  • http://www.osec.doc.gov/opog/privacy/PII_BII.html