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• PHP FFmpeg video aspect ratio problem [SOLVED]

  29 août 2011, par Herr Kaleun

  i compiled the new version of FFMPEG and the padding commands have been deprecated.
  As i try to get familiar with the new -vf pad= commands, i want to ask, how can i
  convert a video without changing it's aspect ratio.

  I've checked numerous solutions from stackoverflow, nothing seemed to work.
  Can someone, please post a working PHP example or cmd line. I would be VERY happy.

  Please note that the videos in question, could be 4:3 and also be 16:9

  Let's say, i convert a 16:9 video to 640x480 format. It will need some bars at
  the top and at the bottom. That is what i want to do.

  Thanks

  EDIT :
  I solved the problem on my own. The FFmpeg documentation is a little bit weird so
  you have to experiment yourself a little bit.
  The padding formula is like :

      $pad_horizontal = $target_width     + $pad_left + $pad_right;
  
      $pad_vertical   = $target_height;
  
      // blah
  
      $command .= " -vf pad=$pad_horizontal:$pad_vertical:". $pad_left .":". $pad_top  .":black";

  Pay special attention at the $pad_vertical part since the paddings there are better
  not added so that the padding calculation of ffmpeg is not broken.

  Here is the full source code to the demo

  <?
  
  
  
      /***********************************************************************************
  
      get_dimensions()
  
  
  
      Takes in a set of video dimensions - original and target - and returns the optimal conversion
  
      dimensions.  It will always return the smaller of the original or target dimensions.
  
      For example: original dimensions of 320x240 and target dimensions of 640x480.
  
      The result will be 320x240 because converting to 640x480 would be a waste of disk
  
      space, processing, and bandwidth (assuming these videos are to be downloaded).
  
  
  
      @param $original_width:     The actual width of the original video file which is to be converted.
  
      @param $original_height:    The actual height of the original video file which is to be converted.
  
      @param $target_width:       The width of the video file which we will be converting to.
  
      @param $target_height:      The height of the video file which we will be converting to.
  
      @param $force_aspect:       Boolean value of whether or not to force conversion to the target's
  
                            aspect ratio using padding (so the video isn't stretched).  If false, the
  
                            conversion dimensions will retain the aspect ratio of the original.
  
                            Optional parameter.  Defaults to true.
  
      @return: An array containing the size and padding information to be used for conversion.
  
                  Format:
  
                  Array
  
                  (
  
                      [width] => int
  
                      [height] => int
  
                      [padtop] => int // top padding (if applicable)
  
                      [padbottom] => int // bottom padding (if applicable)
  
                      [padleft] => int // left padding (if applicable)
  
                      [padright] => int // right padding (if applicable)
  
                  )
  
      ***********************************************************************************/
  
      function get_dimensions($original_width,$original_height,$target_width,$target_height,$force_aspect)
  
      {
  
          if(!isset($force_aspect))
  
          {
  
              $force_aspect = true;
  
          }
  
          // Array to be returned by this function
  
          $target = array();
  
          $target['padleft'] = 0;
  
          $target['padright'] = 0;
  
          $target['padbottom'] = 0;
  
          $target['padtop'] = 0;
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
          // Target aspect ratio (width / height)
  
          $aspect = $target_width / $target_height;
  
          // Target reciprocal aspect ratio (height / width)
  
          $raspect = $target_height / $target_width;
  
  
  
          if($original_width/$original_height !== $aspect)
  
          {
  
              // Aspect ratio is different
  
              if($original_width/$original_height > $aspect)
  
              {
  
                  // Width is the greater of the two dimensions relative to the target dimensions
  
                  if($original_width < $target_width)
  
                  {
  
                      // Original video is smaller.  Scale down dimensions for conversion
  
                      $target_width = $original_width;
  
                      $target_height = round($raspect * $target_width);
  
                  }
  
                  // Calculate height from width
  
                  $original_height = round($original_height / $original_width * $target_width);
  
                  $original_width = $target_width;
  
                  if($force_aspect)
  
                  {
  
                      // Pad top and bottom
  
                      $dif = round(($target_height - $original_height) / 2);
  
                      $target['padtop'] = $dif;
  
                      $target['padbottom'] = $dif;
  
                  }
  
              }
  
              else
  
              {
  
                  // Height is the greater of the two dimensions relative to the target dimensions
  
                  if($original_height < $target_height)
  
                  {
  
                      // Original video is smaller.  Scale down dimensions for conversion
  
                      $target_height = $original_height;
  
                      $target_width = round($aspect * $target_height);
  
                  }
  
                  //Calculate width from height
  
                  $original_width = round($original_width / $original_height * $target_height);
  
                  $original_height = $target_height;
  
                  if($force_aspect)
  
                  {
  
                      // Pad left and right
  
                      $dif = round(($target_width - $original_width) / 2);
  
                      $target['padleft'] = $dif;
  
                      $target['padright'] = $dif;
  
                  }
  
              }
  
          }
  
          else
  
          {
  
              // The aspect ratio is the same
  
              if($original_width !== $target_width)
  
              {
  
                  if($original_width < $target_width)
  
                  {
  
                      // The original video is smaller.  Use its resolution for conversion
  
                      $target_width = $original_width;
  
                      $target_height = $original_height;
  
                  }
  
                  else
  
                  {
  
                      // The original video is larger,  Use the target dimensions for conversion
  
                      $original_width = $target_width;
  
                      $original_height = $target_height;
  
                  }
  
              }
  
          }
  
          if($force_aspect)
  
          {
  
              // Use the target_ vars because they contain dimensions relative to the target aspect ratio
  
              $target['width'] = $target_width;
  
              $target['height'] = $target_height;
  
          }
  
          else
  
          {
  
              // Use the original_ vars because they contain dimensions relative to the original's aspect ratio
  
              $target['width'] = $original_width;
  
              $target['height'] = $original_height;
  
          }
  
          return $target;
  
      }
  
  
  
      function get_vid_dim($file)
  
      {
  
          $command = '/usr/bin/ffmpeg -i ' . escapeshellarg($file) . ' 2>&1';
  
          $dimensions = array();
  
          exec($command,$output,$status);
  
          if (!preg_match(&#39;/Stream #(?:[0-9\.]+)(?:.*)\: Video: (?P<videocodec>.*) (?P<width>[0-9]*)x(?P<height>[0-9]*)/&#39;,implode("\n",$output),$matches))
  
          {
  
              preg_match(&#39;/Could not find codec parameters \(Video: (?P<videocodec>.*) (?P<width>[0-9]*)x(?P<height>[0-9]*)\)/&#39;,implode("\n",$output),$matches);
  
          }
  
          if(!empty($matches[&#39;width&#39;]) &amp;&amp; !empty($matches[&#39;height&#39;]))
  
          {
  
              $dimensions[&#39;width&#39;] = $matches[&#39;width&#39;];
  
              $dimensions[&#39;height&#39;] = $matches[&#39;height&#39;];
  
          }
  
          return $dimensions;
  
      }
  
  
  
  
  
      $command    = &#39;/usr/bin/ffmpeg -i &#39; . $src . &#39; -ab 96k -b 700k -ar 44100 -f flv -s &#39; . &#39;640x480 -acodec mp3 &#39;. $video_output_dir . $video_filename . &#39; 2>&amp;1&#39;;
  
  
  
  
  
      define( &#39;VIDEO_WIDTH&#39;,      &#39;640&#39; );
  
      define( &#39;VIDEO_HEIGHT&#39;,     &#39;480&#39; );
  
  
  
      $src_1              = getcwd() .&#39;/&#39;. &#39;test_video1.mpeg&#39;;
  
      $video_filename1    = &#39;video1.flv&#39;;
  
  
  
      $src_2              = getcwd() .&#39;/&#39;. &#39;test_video2.mp4&#39;;
  
      $video_filename2    = &#39;video2.flv&#39;;
  
  
  
      $src_3              = getcwd() .&#39;/&#39;. &#39;test_video3.mp4&#39;;
  
      $video_filename3    = &#39;video3.flv&#39;;
  
  
  
      convert_video( $src_1, $video_filename1 );
  
      convert_video( $src_2, $video_filename2 );
  
      convert_video( $src_3, $video_filename3 );
  
  
  
      function convert_video( $src = &#39;&#39;, $video_filename = &#39;&#39; )
  
      {
  
  
  
          $video_output_dir   = getcwd() .&#39;/&#39;;
  
  
  
          @unlink ( $video_output_dir . $video_filename );
  
  
  
          $original   = get_vid_dim($src);
  
          $target     = get_dimensions( $original[&#39;width&#39;], $original[&#39;height&#39;], VIDEO_WIDTH, VIDEO_HEIGHT, TRUE );
  
  
  
          echo &#39;<pre>&#39;;
  
          print_r( $original );
  
          echo &#39;</pre>&#39;;
  
          echo &#39;<pre>&#39;;
  
          print_r( $target );
  
          echo &#39;</pre>&#39;;
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
          $target_width   = $target[&#39;width&#39;];
  
          $target_height  = $target[&#39;height&#39;];
  
  
  
          $pad_left       = $target[&#39;padleft&#39;];
  
          $pad_right      = $target[&#39;padright&#39;];
  
          $pad_bottom     = $target[&#39;padbottom&#39;];
  
          $pad_top        = $target[&#39;padtop&#39;];
  
  
  
          $pad_horizontal = $target_width     + $pad_left + $pad_right;
  
          $pad_vertical   = $target_height; //    + $pad_top + $pad_bottom;
  
  
  
  
  
          $command = &#39;/usr/bin/ffmpeg -i &#39; . $src;
  
  
  
          // $command .= " -s {$target_width}x{$target_height} ";
  
  
  
          $command .= " -vf pad=$pad_horizontal:$pad_vertical:". $pad_left .":". $pad_top  .":black";
  
  
  
          $command .= &#39; -ab 96k -b 700k -ar 44100&#39;;
  
          $command .= &#39; -f flv &#39;;
  
          $command .= &#39; -qscale 4&#39;;
  
  
  
          $command .= &#39; -ss 30&#39;;
  
          $command .= &#39; -t 5&#39;;
  
  
  
          $command .= &#39; -ac 2 -ab 128k -qscale 5 &#39;;
  
          $command .= &#39; &#39; . $video_output_dir . $video_filename;
  
  
  
  
  
          exec( $command, $output, $status );
  
  
  
          echo &#39;<pre>&#39;;
  
          print_r( $command );
  
          echo &#39;</pre>&#39;;
  
  
  
          if ( $status == 0 ) 
  
          {
  
              echo &#39;<br />Convert OK. <br />&#39;;
  
          }
  
          else
  
          {
  
              echo &#39;<pre>&#39;;
  
              print_r( $output );
  
              echo &#39;</pre>&#39;;
  
          }
  
  
  
          echo &#39;<br />&#39;;
  
          echo &#39;<br />&#39;;
  
  
  
      }
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  ?>
  
  </height></width></videocodec></height></width></videocodec>

  Thank you and have fun :)

• H.264 and VP8 for still image coding : WebP ?

  1er octobre 2010, par Dark Shikari — H.264, VP8, google, psychovisual optimizations

  JPEG is a very old lossy image format. By today’s standards, it’s awful compression-wise : practically every video format since the days of MPEG-2 has been able to tie or beat JPEG at its own game. The reasons people haven’t switched to something more modern practically always boil down to a simple one — it’s just not worth the hassle. Even if JPEG can be beaten by a factor of 2, convincing the entire world to change image formats after 20 years is nigh impossible. Furthermore, JPEG is fast, simple, and practically guaranteed to be free of any intellectual property worries. It’s been tried before : JPEG-2000 first, then Microsoft’s JPEG XR, both tried to unseat JPEG. Neither got much of anywhere.

  Now Google is trying to dump yet another image format on us, “WebP”. But really, it’s just a VP8 intra frame. There are some obvious practical problems with this new image format in comparison to JPEG ; it doesn’t even support all of JPEG’s features, let alone many of the much-wanted features JPEG was missing (alpha channel support, lossless support). It only supports 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, while JPEG can handle 4:2:2 and 4:4:4. Google doesn’t seem interested in adding any of these features either.

  But let’s get to the meat and see how these encoders stack up on compressing still images. As I explained in my original analysis, VP8 has the advantage of H.264′s intra prediction, which is one of the primary reasons why H.264 has such an advantage in intra compression. It only has i4x4 and i16x16 modes, not i8x8, so it’s not quite as fancy as H.264′s, but it comes close.

  The test files are all around 155KB ; download them for the exact filesizes. For all three, I did a binary search of quality levels to get the file sizes close. For x264, I encoded with --tune stillimage --preset placebo. For libvpx, I encoded with --best. For JPEG, I encoded with ffmpeg, then applied jpgcrush, a lossless jpeg compressor. I suspect there are better JPEG encoders out there than ffmpeg ; if you have one, feel free to test it and post the results. The source image is the 200th frame of Parkjoy, from derf’s page (fun fact : this video was shot here ! More info on the video here.).

  Files : (x264 [154KB], vp8 [155KB], jpg [156KB])

  Results (decoded to PNG) : (x264, vp8, jpg)

  This seems rather embarrassing for libvpx. Personally I think VP8 looks by far the worst of the bunch, despite JPEG’s blocking. What’s going on here ? VP8 certainly has better entropy coding than JPEG does (by far !). It has better intra prediction (JPEG has just DC prediction). How could VP8 look worse ? Let’s investigate.

  VP8 uses a 4×4 transform, which tends to blur and lose more detail than JPEG’s 8×8 transform. But that alone certainly isn’t enough to create such a dramatic difference. Let’s investigate a hypothesis — that the problem is that libvpx is optimizing for PSNR and ignoring psychovisual considerations when encoding the image… I’ll encode with --tune psnr --preset placebo in x264, turning off all psy optimizations. 

  Files : (x264, optimized for PSNR [154KB]) [Note for the technical people : because adaptive quantization is off, to get the filesize on target I had to use a CQM here.]

  Results (decoded to PNG) : (x264, optimized for PSNR)

  What a blur ! Only somewhat better than VP8, and still worse than JPEG. And that’s using the same encoder and the same level of analysis — the only thing done differently is dropping the psy optimizations. Thus we come back to the conclusion I’ve made over and over on this blog — the encoder matters more than the video format, and good psy optimizations are more important than anything else for compression. libvpx, a much more powerful encoder than ffmpeg’s jpeg encoder, loses because it tries too hard to optimize for PSNR.

  These results raise an obvious question — is Google nuts ? I could understand the push for “WebP” if it was better than JPEG. And sure, technically as a file format it is, and an encoder could be made for it that’s better than JPEG. But note the word “could”. Why announce it now when libvpx is still such an awful encoder ? You’d have to be nuts to try to replace JPEG with this blurry mess as-is. Now, I don’t expect libvpx to be able to compete with x264, the best encoder in the world — but surely it should be able to beat an image format released in 1992 ?

  Earth to Google : make the encoder good first, then promote it as better than the alternatives. The reverse doesn’t work quite as well.

  [155KB]

• Anomalie #2243 (Nouveau) : Les apostrophes (’) posent problème dans les titres des documents

  23 août 2011, par Aurélien Roux

  Si le titre d’un document contient une apostrophe, alors la recherche sur le #TITRE document échoue si l’apostrophe en question est une "vraie" apostrophe ’ ou unicode 0027. Note : Ce bug m’est arrivé en tapant bêtement une apostrophe ’ (touche 4), donc pas une "vraie" apostrophe, pour autant, (...)