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• How can I build a custom version of opencv while enabling CUDA and opengl ? [closed]

  10 février, par Josh

  I have a hard requirement of python3.7 for certain libraries (aeneas & afaligner). I've been using the regular opencv-python and ffmpeg libraries in my program and they've been working find.

  


  Recently I wanted to adjust my program to use h264 instead of mpeg4 and ran down a licensing rabbit hole of how opencv-python uses a build of ffmpeg with opengl codecs off to avoid licensing issues. x264 is apparently opengl, and is disabled in the opencv-python library.

  


  In order to solve this issue, I built a custom build of opencv using another custom build of ffmpeg both with opengl enabled. This allowed me to use the x264 encoder with the VideoWriter in my python program.

  


  Here's the dockerfile of how I've been running it :

  



  FROM python:3.7-slim

# Set optimization flags and number of cores globally
ENV CFLAGS="-O3 -march=native -ffast-math -flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections" \
    CXXFLAGS="-O3 -march=native -ffast-math -flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections" \
    LDFLAGS="-flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -Wl,--gc-sections" \
    MAKEFLAGS="-j\$(nproc)"

# Combine all system dependencies in a single layer
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    build-essential \
    cmake \
    git \
    wget \
    unzip \
    yasm \
    pkg-config \
    libsm6 \
    libxext6 \
    libxrender-dev \
    libglib2.0-0 \
    libavcodec-dev \
    libavformat-dev \
    libswscale-dev \
    libavutil-dev \
    libswresample-dev \
    nasm \
    mercurial \
    libnuma-dev \
    espeak \
    libespeak-dev \
    libtiff5-dev \
    libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
    libopenjp2-7-dev \
    zlib1g-dev \
    libfreetype6-dev \
    liblcms2-dev \
    libwebp-dev \
    tcl8.6-dev \
    tk8.6-dev \
    python3-tk \
    libharfbuzz-dev \
    libfribidi-dev \
    libxcb1-dev \
    python3-dev \
    python3-setuptools \
    libsndfile1 \
    libavdevice-dev \
    libavfilter-dev \
    libpostproc-dev \
    && apt-get clean \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Build x264 with optimizations
RUN cd /tmp && \
    wget https://code.videolan.org/videolan/x264/-/archive/master/x264-master.tar.bz2 && \
    tar xjf x264-master.tar.bz2 && \
    cd x264-master && \
    ./configure \
        --enable-shared \
        --enable-pic \
        --enable-asm \
        --enable-lto \
        --enable-strip \
        --enable-optimizations \
        --bit-depth=8 \
        --disable-avs \
        --disable-swscale \
        --disable-lavf \
        --disable-ffms \
        --disable-gpac \
        --disable-lsmash \
        --extra-cflags="-O3 -march=native -ffast-math -fomit-frame-pointer -flto -fno-fat-lto-objects" \
        --extra-ldflags="-O3 -flto -fno-fat-lto-objects" && \
    make && \
    make install && \
    cd /tmp && \
    # Build FFmpeg with optimizations
    wget https://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-7.1.tar.bz2 && \
    tar xjf ffmpeg-7.1.tar.bz2 && \
    cd ffmpeg-7.1 && \
    ./configure \
        --enable-gpl \
        --enable-libx264 \
        --enable-shared \
        --enable-nonfree \
        --enable-pic \
        --enable-asm \
        --enable-optimizations \
        --enable-lto \
        --enable-pthreads \
        --disable-debug \
        --disable-static \
        --disable-doc \
        --disable-ffplay \
        --disable-ffprobe \
        --disable-filters \
        --disable-programs \
        --disable-postproc \
        --extra-cflags="-O3 -march=native -ffast-math -fomit-frame-pointer -flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections" \
        --extra-ldflags="-O3 -flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -Wl,--gc-sections" \
        --prefix=/usr/local && \
    make && \
    make install && \
    ldconfig && \
    rm -rf /tmp/*

# Install Python dependencies first
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip setuptools wheel && \
    pip install --no-cache-dir numpy py-spy

# Build OpenCV with optimized configuration
RUN cd /tmp && \
    # Download specific OpenCV version archives
    wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.8.0.zip && \
    wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.8.0.zip && \
    unzip opencv.zip && \
    unzip opencv_contrib.zip && \
    mv opencv-4.8.0 opencv && \
    mv opencv_contrib-4.8.0 opencv_contrib && \
    rm opencv.zip opencv_contrib.zip && \
    cd opencv && \
    mkdir build && cd build && \
    cmake \
        -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
        -D CMAKE_C_FLAGS="-O3 -march=native -ffast-math -flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections" \
        -D CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O3 -march=native -ffast-math -flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wno-deprecated" \
        -D CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS="-flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -Wl,--gc-sections" \
        -D CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS="-flto -fno-fat-lto-objects -Wl,--gc-sections" \
        -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
        -D ENABLE_FAST_MATH=ON \
        -D CPU_BASELINE_DETECT=ON \
        -D CPU_BASELINE=SSE3 \
        -D CPU_DISPATCH=SSE4_1,SSE4_2,AVX,AVX2,AVX512_SKX,FP16 \
        -D WITH_OPENMP=ON \
        -D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
        -D WITH_FFMPEG=ON \
        -D FFMPEG_ROOT=/usr/local \
        -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/tmp/opencv_contrib/modules \
        -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/usr/local/bin/python3.7 \
        -D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/usr/local/bin/python3.7 \
        -D PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/local/include/python3.7m \
        -D PYTHON3_LIBRARY=/usr/local/lib/libpython3.7m.so \
        -D PYTHON3_PACKAGES_PATH=/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages \
        -D PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include \
        -D BUILD_opencv_python3=ON \
        -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=OFF \
        -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF \
        -D BUILD_PERF_TESTS=OFF \
        -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
        -D BUILD_DOCS=OFF \
        -D BUILD_opencv_apps=OFF \
        -D WITH_OPENCL=OFF \
        -D WITH_CUDA=OFF \
        -D WITH_IPP=OFF \
        -D WITH_TBB=OFF \
        -D WITH_V4L=OFF \
        -D WITH_QT=OFF \
        -D WITH_GTK=OFF \
        -D BUILD_LIST=core,imgproc,imgcodecs,videoio,python3 \
        .. && \
    make && \
    make install && \
    ldconfig && \
    rm -rf /tmp/*

# Set working directory and copy application code
WORKDIR /app

COPY requirements.txt .

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ffmpeg

RUN pip install --no-cache-dir aeneas afaligner && \
    pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

COPY . .

# Make entrypoint executable
RUN chmod +x entrypoint.sh
ENTRYPOINT ["./entrypoint.sh"]


  


  My trouble now, is I've been considering running parts of my program on my GPU, it's creating graphics for a video after all. I have no idea how to edit my Dockerfile to make the opencv build run with CUDA enabled, every combination I try leads to issues.

  


  How can I tell which version of CUDA, opencv and ffmpeg are compatible with python 3.7 ? I've tried so so many combinations and they all lead to different issues, I've asked various AI agents and they all flounder. Where can I find a reliable source of information about this ?

  


• Using ffmpeg to capture frames from webcam and audio from micro and saving to file

  19 septembre 2016, par Solidus

  For the past few weeks I’ve been struggling with the ffmpeg API since I can not find a clear documentation and I also find it hard to search as all the solutions I find online involve not the c API but the ffmpeg.c command line program. I am creating a program which needs to capture video from a webcam and audio, show the frames on screen and record both the audio and frames to a video file. I am also using QT as a framework for this project.

  I’ve been able to show the frames on the screen and even record them, but my problem is the record of both the audio and video. I’ve decided to create a simpler program for tests, that only saves the stream to a file without showing the frames on screen, starting from the remuxing.c example on the ffmpeg documentation. My code is as follows :

  //This is the variables on the .h
  
  AVOutputFormat *ofmt;
  
  AVFormatContext *ifmt_ctx, *ofmt_ctx;
  
  
  
  QString cDeviceName;
  
  QString aDeviceName;
  
  
  
  int audioStream, videoStream;
  
  bool done;
  
  
  
  //The .cpp
  
  #include "cameratest.h"
  
  #include <qtconcurrent></qtconcurrent>QtConcurrent>
  
  #include <qdebug>
  
  
  
  CameraTest::CameraTest(QString cDeviceName, QString aDeviceName, QObject *parent) :
  
      QObject(parent)
  
  {
  
      done = false;
  
      this->cDeviceName = cDeviceName;
  
      this->aDeviceName = aDeviceName;
  
      av_register_all();
  
      avdevice_register_all();
  
  }
  
  
  
  void CameraTest::toggleDone() {
  
      done = !done;
  
  }
  
  
  
  int CameraTest::init() {
  
      ofmt = NULL;
  
      ifmt_ctx = NULL;
  
      ofmt_ctx = NULL;
  
  
  
      QString fullDName = cDeviceName.prepend("video=") + ":" + aDeviceName.prepend("audio="); 
  
      qDebug() &lt;&lt; fullDName;
  
      AVInputFormat *fmt = av_find_input_format("dshow");
  
  
  
      int ret, i;
  
  
  
      if (avformat_open_input(&amp;ifmt_ctx, fullDName.toUtf8().data(), fmt, NULL) &lt; 0) {
  
         fprintf(stderr, "Could not open input file '%s'", fullDName.toUtf8().data());
  
         return -1;
  
      }
  
      if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(ifmt_ctx, 0)) &lt; 0) {
  
         fprintf(stderr, "Failed to retrieve input stream information");
  
         return -1;
  
      }
  
      av_dump_format(ifmt_ctx, 0, fullDName.toUtf8().data(), 0);
  
      avformat_alloc_output_context2(&amp;ofmt_ctx, NULL, NULL, "test.avi");
  
      if (!ofmt_ctx) {
  
         fprintf(stderr, "Could not create output context\n");
  
         ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
  
         return -1;
  
      }
  
      ofmt = ofmt_ctx->oformat;
  
  
  
      for (i = 0; i &lt; ifmt_ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
  
         AVStream *in_stream = ifmt_ctx->streams[i];
  
         AVStream *out_stream = avformat_new_stream(ofmt_ctx, in_stream->codec->codec);
  
  
  
         if (ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
  
             videoStream = i;
  
         }
  
         else if (ifmt_ctx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
  
             audioStream = i;
  
         }
  
  
  
         if (!out_stream) {
  
             fprintf(stderr, "Failed allocating output stream\n");
  
             ret = AVERROR_UNKNOWN;
  
             return -1;
  
         }
  
         ret = avcodec_copy_context(out_stream->codec, in_stream->codec);
  
         if (ret &lt; 0) {
  
             fprintf(stderr, "Failed to copy context from input to output stream codec context\n");
  
             return -1;
  
         }
  
         out_stream->codec->codec_tag = 0;
  
         if (ofmt_ctx->oformat->flags &amp; AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
  
             out_stream->codec->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
  
      }
  
      av_dump_format(ofmt_ctx, 0, "test.avi", 1);
  
      if (!(ofmt->flags &amp; AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
  
         ret = avio_open(&amp;ofmt_ctx->pb, "test.avi", AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
  
         if (ret &lt; 0) {
  
             fprintf(stderr, "Could not open output file '%s'", "test.avi");
  
             return -1;
  
         }
  
      }
  
      ret = avformat_write_header(ofmt_ctx, NULL);
  
      if (ret &lt; 0) {
  
         fprintf(stderr, "Error occurred when opening output file\n");
  
         return -1;
  
      }
  
      QtConcurrent::run(this, &amp;CameraTest::grabFrames);
  
      return 0;
  
  }
  
  
  
  void CameraTest::grabFrames() {
  
      AVPacket pkt;
  
      int ret;
  
      while (av_read_frame(ifmt_ctx, &amp;pkt) >= 0) {
  
          AVStream *in_stream, *out_stream;
  
          in_stream  = ifmt_ctx->streams[pkt.stream_index];
  
          out_stream = ofmt_ctx->streams[pkt.stream_index];
  
          /* copy packet */
  
          pkt.pts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt.pts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, (AVRounding) (AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
  
          pkt.dts = av_rescale_q_rnd(pkt.dts, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base, (AVRounding) (AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF|AV_ROUND_PASS_MINMAX));
  
          pkt.duration = av_rescale_q(pkt.duration, in_stream->time_base, out_stream->time_base);
  
          pkt.pos = -1;
  
          int ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(ofmt_ctx, &amp;pkt);
  
          if (ret &lt; 0) {
  
             qDebug() &lt;&lt; "Error muxing packet";
  
             //break;
  
          }
  
          av_free_packet(&amp;pkt);
  
  
  
          if(done) break;
  
      }
  
      av_write_trailer(ofmt_ctx);
  
  
  
      avformat_close_input(&amp;ifmt_ctx);
  
      /* close output */
  
      if (ofmt_ctx &amp;&amp; !(ofmt->flags &amp; AVFMT_NOFILE))
  
         avio_close(ofmt_ctx->pb);
  
      avformat_free_context(ofmt_ctx);
  
      if (ret &lt; 0 &amp;&amp; ret != AVERROR_EOF) {
  
          //return -1;
  
         //fprintf(stderr, "Error occurred: %s\n", av_err2str(ret));
  
      }
  
  }
  
  </qdebug>

  The av_interleaved_write_frame returns an error with the video packets. The end file shows only the first frame but the audio seems to be ok.

  On the console this is what is printed :

  Input #0, dshow, from 'video=Integrated Camera:audio=Microfone interno (Conexant 206':
  
    Duration: N/A, start: 146544.738000, bitrate: 1411 kb/s
  
      Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo, bgr24, 640x480, 30 tbr, 10000k tbn, 30 tbc
  
      Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_s16le, 44100 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 1411 kb/s
  
  Output #0, avi, to 'test.avi':
  
      Stream #0:0: Video: rawvideo, bgr24, 640x480, q=2-31, 30 tbc
  
      Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_s16le, 44100 Hz, 2 channels, s16, 1411 kb/s
  
  
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Using AVStream.codec.time_base as a timebase hint to the muxer is deprecated. Set AVStream.time_base instead.
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Using AVStream.codec.time_base as a timebase hint to the muxer is deprecated. Set AVStream.time_base instead.
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Application provided invalid, non monotonically increasing dts to muxer in stream 0: 4396365 >= 4396365
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Too large number of skipped frames 4396359 > 60000
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Too large number of skipped frames 4396360 > 60000
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Application provided invalid, non monotonically increasing dts to muxer in stream 0: 4396390 >= 4396390
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Too large number of skipped frames 4396361 > 60000
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Too large number of skipped frames 4396362 > 60000
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Too large number of skipped frames 4396364 > 60000
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Too large number of skipped frames 4396365 > 60000
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Too large number of skipped frames 4396366 > 60000
  
  [avi @ 0089f660] Too large number of skipped frames 4396367 > 60000

  This seems to me like a simple problem to solve but I really am mostly clueless about the ffmpeg API, if someone could lead me to the right direction that would be great !

  Thanks !

• Getting a lot of Tail Silence when combining an image and audio into mp4 movie

  1er avril 2023, par Meryan

  As it can be seen from this snapshot the audio HELLO.mp3 combined with bitmap HELLO.jpg produced a movie HELLO_aac.mp4 that has a huge amount of tail silence

  


  

  


  The command line I was helped to put together is the following

  


  ======================== 
IN_FILES=-i ".\HELLO.JPG" -i ".\HELLO.MP3"    
OUT_FILE=".\HELLO_aac.MP4"   
EXE="S:\_BINS\FFmpeg 4.2.1 20200112\bin\ffmpeg.exe"  
OPTIONS= -loop 1   -i ".\HELLO.JPG" -i ".\HELLO.MP3"    -vf "scale=-1:1080,pad=1920:1080:(1920-iw)/2:(1080-ih)/2,setsar=1"  -c:v libx264 -profile:v main -pix_fmt yuv420p -r 24 -video_track_timescale 24000    -c:a aac    -shortest -y ".\HELLO_aac.MP4"     
======================== 



  


  Here is the captured output from FFmpeg

  


  ffmpeg version git-2020-01-10-3d894db Copyright (c) 2000-2020 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 9.2.1 (GCC) 20191125
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-sdl2 --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-iconv --enable-libass --enable-libdav1d --enable-libbluray --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libzimg --enable-lzma --enable-zlib --enable-gmp --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libmysofa --enable-libspeex --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libmfx --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuvid --enable-d3d11va --enable-nvenc --enable-nvdec --enable-dxva2 --enable-avisynth --enable-libopenmpt --enable-amf
  libavutil      56. 38.100 / 56. 38.100
  libavcodec     58. 65.103 / 58. 65.103
  libavformat    58. 35.101 / 58. 35.101
  libavdevice    58.  9.103 / 58.  9.103
  libavfilter     7. 70.101 /  7. 70.101
  libswscale      5.  6.100 /  5.  6.100
  libswresample   3.  6.100 /  3.  6.100
  libpostproc    55.  6.100 / 55.  6.100
Input #0, image2, from '.\HELLO.JPG':
  Duration: 00:00:00.04, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 23923 kb/s
    Stream #0:0: Video: mjpeg (Baseline), yuvj420p(pc, bt470bg/unknown/unknown), 1600x1200 [SAR 120:120 DAR 4:3], 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25 tbn, 25 tbc
[mp3 @ 000002019015d4c0] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #1, mp3, from '.\HELLO.MP3':
  Metadata:
    genre           : Blues
    id3v2_priv.XMP  : <?xpacket begin="\xef\xbb\xbf" id="W5M0MpCehiHzreSzNTczkc9d"?>\x0a\x0a \x0a  s
    Stream #1:0: Audio: mp3, 24000 Hz, mono, fltp, 32 kb/s
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (mjpeg (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  Stream #1:0 -> #0:1 (mp3 (mp3float) -> aac (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[swscaler @ 0000020190b10380] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
[swscaler @ 0000020190b10380] Warning: data is not aligned! This can lead to a speed loss
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] using SAR=1/1
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 BMI2 AVX2
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] profile Main, level 4.0, 4:2:0, 8-bit
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] 264 - core 158 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2019 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x1:0x111 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=34 lookahead_threads=5 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=24 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
Output #0, mp4, to '.\HELLO_aac.MP4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf58.35.101
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=-1--1, 24 fps, 24k tbn, 24 tbc
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc58.65.103 libx264
    Side data:
      cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 24000 Hz, mono, fltp, 69 kb/s
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc58.65.103 aac
frame=   69 fps=0.0 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A dup=0 drop=1 speed=   0x    
frame=   97 fps=0.0 q=-1.0 Lsize=     128kB time=00:00:03.91 bitrate= 267.1kbits/s dup=0 drop=2 speed=5.04x    
video:119kB audio:6kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 2.208101%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] frame I:1     Avg QP:12.88  size:103994
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] frame P:24    Avg QP:14.05  size:   224
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] frame B:72    Avg QP:12.67  size:   160
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] consecutive B-frames:  1.0%  0.0%  0.0% 99.0%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] mb I  I16..4: 61.7%  0.0% 38.3%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] mb P  I16..4:  0.1%  0.0%  0.0%  P16..4:  0.5%  0.1%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:99.3%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] mb B  I16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8:  1.6%  0.0%  0.0%  direct: 0.0%  skip:98.4%  L0:81.1% L1:18.9% BI: 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 34.5% 17.3% 15.6% inter: 0.0% 0.1% 0.0%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] i16 v,h,dc,p: 70% 19%  7%  3%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 40% 22% 12%  4%  5%  5%  3%  5%  4%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] i8c dc,h,v,p: 80%  8% 10%  2%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.0% UV:0.0%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] ref P L0: 97.6%  0.3%  1.5%  0.6%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] ref B L0:  1.8% 98.2%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] ref B L1: 99.9%  0.1%
[libx264 @ 0000020190759300] kb/s:239.28
[aac @ 000002019075bf40] Qavg: 8004.814
======================== 


  


  I have also tried the following command line

  


  "S:\_BINS\ffmpeg-2023-03-20\bin\ffmpeg.exe" -loop 1 -i "HELLO.JPG" -i "HELLO.MP3" -c:v libx264 -tune stillimage -c:a aac -b:a 192k -pix_fmt yuv420p -y -shortest "HELLO_aac.mp4"    


  


  With similar long dead tail silence ???