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• How to install this nodejs Application

  15 février 2016, par metalbug

  https://github.com/hexator/live4chan

  i have VMware run ubuntu-14.10-server and 15.10-server

  sudo apt-get install -y 
  
       git mongodb imagemagick libcairo2-dev libjpeg8-dev 
  
       libpango1.0-dev libgif-dev build-essential g++ ffmpeg curl

  install success

  git clone https://github.com/hexator/live4chan.git; 
  
  cd live4chan; 
  
  npm install

  but have errors

  test@ubuntu:~/live4chan$ npm start
  
  
  
      LiveChan@0.0.1 start /home/test/live4chan
  
      node lib/index.js
  
  
  
  Missing certificate or private key
  
  Running with insecure server
  
  info - socket.io started
  
  connect.limit() will be removed in connect 3.0
  
  connect.multipart() will be removed in connect 3.0
  
  visit https://github.com/senchalabs/connect/wiki/Connect-3.0 for alternatives
  
  connect.limit() will be removed in connect 3.0
  
  
  
  module.js:340
  
  throw err;
  
  ^
  
  Error: Cannot find module 'carrier'
  
  at Function.Module._resolveFilename (module.js:338:15)
  
  at Function.Module._load (module.js:280:25)
  
  at Module.require (module.js:364:17)
  
  at require (module.js:380:17)
  
  at Object. (/home/test/ircd.js/lib/server.js:24:15)
  
  at Module._compile (module.js:456:26)
  
  at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:474:10)
  
  at Module.load (module.js:356:32)
  
  at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12)
  
  at Module.require (module.js:364:17)
  
  
  
  npm ERR! Linux 4.2.0-16-generic
  
  npm ERR! argv "node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "start"
  
  npm ERR! node v0.10.42
  
  npm ERR! npm v3.7.2
  
  npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE
  
  npm ERR! LiveChan@0.0.1 start: node lib/index.js
  
  npm ERR! Exit status 8
  
  npm ERR!
  
  npm ERR! Failed at the LiveChan@0.0.1 start script 'node lib/index.js'.
  
  npm ERR! Make sure you have the latest version of node.js and npm installed.
  
  npm ERR! If you do, this is most likely a problem with the LiveChan package,
  
  npm ERR! not with npm itself.
  
  npm ERR! Tell the author that this fails on your system:
  
  npm ERR! node lib/index.js
  
  npm ERR! You can get information on how to open an issue for this project with:
  
  npm ERR! npm bugs LiveChan
  
  npm ERR! Or if that isn't available, you can get their info via:
  
  npm ERR! npm owner ls LiveChan
  
  npm ERR! There is likely additional logging output above.
  
  
  
  npm ERR! Please include the following file with any support request:
  
  npm ERR! /home/test/live4chan/npm-debug.log
  
  
  
  ==========================================================
  
  /home/test/live4chan/npm-debug.log
  
  
  
  0 info it worked if it ends with ok
  
  1 verbose cli [ 'node', '/usr/local/bin/npm', 'start' ]
  
  2 info using npm@3.7.2
  
  3 info using node@v0.10.42
  
  4 verbose run-script [ 'prestart', 'start', 'poststart' ]
  
  5 info lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~prestart: LiveChan@0.0.1
  
  6 silly lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~prestart: no script for prestart, continuing
  
  7 info lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~start: LiveChan@0.0.1
  
  8 verbose lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~start: unsafe-perm in lifecycle true
  
  9 verbose lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~start: PATH: /usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/bin/node-gyp-bin:/home/test/live4chan/node_modules/.bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games
  
  10 verbose lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~start: CWD: /home/test/live4chan
  
  11 silly lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~start: Args: [ '-c', 'node lib/index.js' ]
  
  12 silly lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~start: Returned: code: 8 signal: null
  
  13 info lifecycle LiveChan@0.0.1~start: Failed to exec start script
  
  14 verbose stack Error: LiveChan@0.0.1 start: node lib/index.js
  
  14 verbose stack Exit status 8
  
  14 verbose stack at EventEmitter. (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/lib/utils/lifecycle.js:239:16)
  
  14 verbose stack at EventEmitter.emit (events.js:98:17)
  
  14 verbose stack at ChildProcess. (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/npm/lib/utils/spawn.js:24:14)
  
  14 verbose stack at ChildProcess.emit (events.js:98:17)
  
  14 verbose stack at maybeClose (child_process.js:766:16)
  
  14 verbose stack at Process.ChildProcess._handle.onexit (child_process.js:833:5)
  
  15 verbose pkgid LiveChan@0.0.1
  
  16 verbose cwd /home/test/live4chan
  
  17 error Linux 4.2.0-16-generic
  
  18 error argv "node" "/usr/local/bin/npm" "start"
  
  19 error node v0.10.42
  
  20 error npm v3.7.2
  
  21 error code ELIFECYCLE
  
  22 error LiveChan@0.0.1 start: node lib/index.js
  
  22 error Exit status 8
  
  23 error Failed at the LiveChan@0.0.1 start script 'node lib/index.js'.
  
  23 error Make sure you have the latest version of node.js and npm installed.
  
  23 error If you do, this is most likely a problem with the LiveChan package,
  
  23 error not with npm itself.
  
  23 error Tell the author that this fails on your system:
  
  23 error node lib/index.js
  
  23 error You can get information on how to open an issue for this project with:
  
  23 error npm bugs LiveChan
  
  23 error Or if that isn't available, you can get their info via:
  
  23 error npm owner ls LiveChan
  
  23 error There is likely additional logging output above.
  
  24 verbose exit [ 1, true ]

  I tried this :
  npm install carrier

  Or an error.

  and install Other versions of nodejs

  wget http://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v0.10.x/node-v0.10.42.tar.gz
  
  wget http://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v0.12.x/node-v0.12.10.tar.gz 
  
  wget http://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v4.x/node-v4.3.0.tar.gz
  
  wget http://nodejs.org/dist/latest-v5.x/node-v5.6.0.tar.gz
  
  tar zxvf node-v4.3.0.tar.gz
  
  cd node-v4.3.0
  
  ./configure 
  
  make
  
  sudo make install

  Nothing happened

  please help me
  Or you can tell me how to install, detailed, thank you very much !

• Data Privacy Regulations : Essential Knowledge for Global Business

  6 mars, par Daniel Crough

  If you run a website that collects visitors’ data, you might be violating privacy regulations somewhere in the world. At last count, over 160 countries have privacy laws — and your customers in those countries know about them.

  A recent survey found that 53% of people who answered know about privacy rules in their country and want to follow them. This is up from 46% two years ago. Furthermore, customers increasingly want to buy from businesses they can trust with their data.

  That’s why businesses must take data privacy seriously. In this article, we’ll first examine data privacy rules, why we need them, and how they are enforced worldwide. Finally, we’ll explore strategies to ensure compliance and tools that can help.

  What are data privacy regulations ?

  Let’s first consider data privacy. What is it ? The short answer is individuals’ ability to control their personal information. That’s why we need laws and rules to let people decide how their data is collected, used, and shared. Crucially, the laws empower individuals to withdraw permission to use their data anytime.

  The UNCTAD reports that only 13 countries had data protection laws or rules before the 2000s. Many existed before businesses could offer online services, so they needed updating. Today, 162 national laws protect data privacy, half of which emerged in the last decade.

  Why is this regulation necessary ?

  There are many reasons, but the impetus comes from consumers who want their governments to protect their data from exploitation. They understand that participating in the digital economy means sharing personal information like email addresses and telephone numbers, but they want to minimise the risks of doing so.

  Data privacy regulation is essential for :

  • Protecting personal information from exploitation with transparent rules and guidelines on handling it securely.
  • Implementing adequate security measures to prevent data breaches.
  • Enforcing accountability for how data is collected, stored and processed.
  • Giving consumers control over their data.
  • Controlling the flow of data across international borders in a way that fully complies with the regulations.
  • Penalising companies that violate privacy laws.

  Isn’t it just needless red tape ?

  Data breaches in recent years have been one of the biggest instigators of the increase in data privacy regulations. A list of the top ten data breaches illustrates the point.

  #	Company	Location	Year	# of Records	Data Type
  1	Yahoo	Global	2013	3B	user account information
  2	Aadhaar	India	2018	1.1B	citizens’ ID/biometric data
  2	Alibaba	China	2019	1.1B	users’ personal data
  4	LinkedIn	Global	2021	700M	users’ personal data
  5	Sina Weibo	China	2020	538M	users’ personal data
  6	Facebook	Global	2019	533M	users’ personal data
  7	Marriott Int’l	Global	2018	500M	customers’ personal data
  8	Yahoo	Global	2014	500M	user account information
  9	Adult Friend Finder	Global	2016	412.2M	user account information
  10	MySpace	USA	2013	360M	user account information

  And that’s just the tip of the iceberg. Between November 2005 and November 2015, the US-based Identity Theft Resource Center counted 5,754 data breaches that exposed 856,548,312 records, mainly in that country.

  It’s no wonder that citizens worldwide want organisations they share their personal data with to protect that data as if it were their own. More specifically, they want their governments to :

  • Protect their consumer rights
  • Prevent identity theft and other consumer fraud
  • Build trust between consumers and businesses
  • Improve cybersecurity measures
  • Promote ethical business practices
  • Uphold international standards

  Organisations using personal data in their operations want to minimise financial and reputational risk. That’s common sense, especially when external attacks cause 68% of data breaches.

  The terminology of data privacy

  With 162 national laws already in place, the legal space surrounding data privacy grows more complex every day. Michalsons has a list of different privacy laws and regulations in force in significant markets around the world.

  Fortunately, there’s plenty of commonality for two reasons : first, all countries want to solve the same problem ; second, those drafting the legislation have adopted much of what other countries have already developed. As a result, the terminology remains almost the same, even when the language changes.

  These are the core concepts at play :

  Term	Definition
  Access and control	Consumers can access, review, edit and delete their data
  Data protection	Organisations must protect data from being stolen or compromised
  Consumer consent	Consumers can grant and withdraw or refuse access to their data
  Deletion	Consumers can request to have their data erased
  Data breach	When the security of data has been compromised
  Data governance	The management of data within an organisation
  Double opt-in	Two-factor authentication to add a layer of confirmation
  GDPR	Governing data privacy in Europe since 2016
  Personally identifiable information (PII)	Data used to identify, locate, or contact an individual
  Pseudonymisation	Replace personal identifiers with artificial identifiers or pseudonyms
  Publicly available information	Data from official sources, without restrictions on access or use
  Rectification	Consumers can request to have errors in their data corrected

  Overview of current data privacy legislation

  Over three-quarters of the world has formulated and rolled out data privacy legislation — or is currently doing so. Here’s a breakdown of the laws and regulations you can expect to find in most significant markets worldwide.

  Europe

  Thoughts of protecting data privacy first occurred in Europe when the German government became concerned about automated data processing in 1970. A few years later, Sweden was the first country to enact a law requiring permits for processing personal data, establishing the first data protection authority.

  General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

  Sweden’s efforts triggered a succession of European laws and regulations that culminated in the European Union (EU) GDPR, enacted in 2016 and enforced from 25 May 2018. It’s a detailed and comprehensive privacy law that safeguards the personal data and privacy of EU citizens.

  The main objectives of GDPR are :

  • Strengthening the privacy rights of individuals by empowering them to control their data.
  • Establishing a uniform data framework for data privacy across the EU.
  • Improving transparency and accountability by mandating businesses to handle personal data responsibly and fully disclose how they use it.
  • Extending the regulation’s reach to organisations external to the EU that collect, store and process the data of EU residents.
  • Requiring organisations to conduct Protection Impact Assessments (PIAs) for “high-risk” projects.

  ePrivacy Regulation on Privacy and Electronic Communications (PECR)

  The second pillar of the EU’s strategy to regulate the personal data of its citizens is the ePrivacy Regulation on Privacy and Electronic Communications (EU PECR). Together with the GDPR, it will comprise data protection law in the union. This regulation applies to :

  • Providers of messaging services like WhatsApp, Facebook and Skype
  • Website owners
  • Owners of apps that have electronic communication components
  • Commercial direct marketers
  • Political parties sending promotional messages electronically
  • Telecommunications companies
  • ISPs and WiFi connection providers

  The EU PECR was intended to commence with GDPR on 25 May 2018. That didn’t happen, and as of January 2025, it was in the process of being redrafted.

  EU Data Act

  One class of data isn’t covered by GDPR or PECR : internet product-generated data. The EU Data Act provides the regulatory framework to govern this data, and it applies to manufacturers, suppliers, and users of IoT devices or related services.

  The intention is to facilitate data sharing, use, and reuse and to facilitate organisations’ switching to a different cloud service provider. The EU Data Act entered into force on 11 January 2024 and is applicable from September 2025.

  GDPR UK

  Before Brexit, the EU GDPR was in force in the UK. After Brexit in 2020, the UK opted to retain the regulations as UK GDPR but asserted independence to keep the framework under review. It’s part of a wider package of reform to the data protection environment that includes the Data Protection Act 2018 and the UK PECR.

  In the USA

  The primary federal law regarding data privacy in the US is the Privacy Act of 1974, which has been in revision for some time. However, rather than wait for the outcome of that process, many business sectors and states have implemented their own measures.

  Sector-specific data protection laws

  This sectoral approach to data protection relies on a combination of legislation, regulation and self-regulation rather than governmental control. Since the mid-1990s, the country has allowed the private sector to lead on data protection, resulting in ad hoc legislation arising when circumstances require it. Examples include the Video Privacy Protection Act of 1988, the Cable Television Protection and Competition Act of 1992 and the Fair Credit Reporting Act.

  

  California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)

  California was the first state to act when federal privacy law development stalled. In 2018, it enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) to protect and enforce Californians’ rights regarding the privacy of their personal information. It came into force in 2020.

  California Privacy Act (CPRA)

  In November of that same year, California voters approved the California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA). Billed as the strongest consumer privacy law ever enacted in the US, CPRA works with CCPA and adds the best elements of laws and regulations in other jurisdictions (Europe, Japan, Israel, New Zealand, Canada, etc.) into California’s personal data protection regime.

  Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (CDPA)

  In March 2021, Virginia became the next US state to implement privacy legislation. The Virginia Consumer Data Protection Act (VCDPA), which is also informed by global legislative developments, tries to strike a balance between consumer privacy protections and business interests. It governs how businesses collect, use, and share consumer data.

  Colorado Privacy Act (CPA)

  Developed around the same time as VCDPA, the Colorado Privacy Act (CPA) was informed by that law and GDPR and CCPA. Signed into law in July 2021, the CPA gives Colorado residents more control over their data and establishes guidelines for businesses on handling the data.

  Other states generally

  Soon after, additional states followed suit and, similar to Colorado, examined existing legislation to inform the development of their own data privacy laws and regulations. At the time of writing, the states with data privacy laws at various stages of development were Connecticut, Florida, Indiana, Iowa, Montana, New York, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, and Utah.

  By the time you read this article, more states may be doing it, and the efforts of some may have led to laws and regulations coming into force. If you’re already doing business or planning to do business in the US, you should do your own research on the home states of your customers.

  Globally

  Beyond Europe and the US, other countries are also implementing privacy regulations. Some were well ahead of the trend. For example, Chile’s Law on the Protection of Private Life was put on the books in 1999, while Mauritius enacted its first Data Protection Act in 2004 — a second one came along in 2017 to replace it.

  Canada

  The regulatory landscape around data privacy in Canada is as complicated as it is in the US. At a federal government level, there are two laws : The Privacy Act for public sector institutions and the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) for the private sector.

  PIPEDA is the one to consider here. Like all other data privacy policies, it provides a framework for organisations handling consumers’ personal data in Canada. Although not quite up to GDPR standard, there are moves afoot to close that gap.

  The Digital Charter Implementation Act, 2022 (aka Bill C-27) is proposed legislation introduced by federal agencies in June 2022. It’s intended to align Canada’s privacy framework with global standards, such as GDPR, and address emerging digital economy challenges. It may or may not have been finalised when you read this.

  At the provincial level, three of Canada’s provinces—Alberta, British Columbia, and Quebec—have introduced laws and regulations of their own. Their rationale was similar to that of Bill C-27, so they may become redundant if and when that bill passes.

  Japan

  Until recently, Japan’s Act on the Protection of Personal Information (APPI) was considered by many to be the most comprehensive data protection law in Asia. Initially introduced in 2003, it was significantly amended in 2020 to align with global privacy standards, such as GDPR.

  APPI sets out unambiguous rules for how businesses and organisations collect, use, and protect personal information. It also sets conditions for transferring the personal information of Japanese residents outside of Japan.

  

  China

  The new, at least for now, most comprehensive data privacy law in Asia is China’s Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL). It’s part of the country’s rapidly evolving data governance framework, alongside the Cybersecurity Law and the Data Security Law.

  PIPL came into effect in November 2021 and was informed by GDPR and Japan’s APPI, among others. The data protection regime establishes a framework for protecting personal information and imposes significant compliance obligations on businesses operating in China or targeting consumers in that country.

  Other countries

  Many other nations have already brought in legislation and regulations or are in the process of developing them. As mentioned earlier, there are 162 of them at this point, and they include :

  Argentina	Costa Rica	Paraguay
  Australia	Ecuador	Peru
  Bahrain	Hong Kong	Saudi Arabia
  Bermuda	Israel	Singapore
  Brazil	Mauritius	South Africa
  Chile	Mexico	UAE
  Colombia	New Zealand	Uruguay

  Observant readers might have noticed that only two countries in Africa are on that list. More than half of the 55 countries on the continent have or are working on data privacy legislation.

  It’s a complex landscape

  Building a globalised business model has become very complicated, with so much legislation already in play and more coming. What you must do depends on the countries you plan to operate in or target. And that’s before you consider the agreements groups of countries have entered into to ease the flow of personal data between them.

  In this regard, the EU-US relationship is instructive. When GDPR came into force in 2016, so did the EU-US Privacy Shield. However, about four years later, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) invalidated it. The court ruled that the Privacy Shield didn’t adequately protect personal data transferred from the EU to the US.

  The ruling was based on US laws that allow excessive government surveillance of personal data transferred to the US. The CJEU found that this conflicted with the basic rights of EU citizens under the European Union’s Charter of Fundamental Rights.

  A replacement was negotiated in a new mechanism : the EU-US Data Privacy Framework. However, legal challenges are expected, and its long-term viability is uncertain. The APEC Privacy Framework and the OECD Privacy Framework, both involving the US, also exist.

  

  Penalties for non-compliance

  Whichever way you look at it, consumer data privacy laws and regulations make sense. But what’s really interesting is that many of them have real teeth to punish offenders. GDPR is a great example. It was largely an EU concern until January 2022 when the French data protection regulator hit Google and Facebook with serious fines and criminal penalties.

  Google was fined €150M, and Facebook was told to pay €60M for failing to allow French users to reject cookie tracking technology easily. That started a tsunami of ever-larger fines.

  The largest so far was the €1.2B fine levied by the Irish Data Protection Commission on Meta, the owner of Instagram, Facebook, and WhatsApp. It was issued for transferring European users’ personal data to the US without adequate data protection mechanisms. This significant penalty demonstrated the serious financial implications of non-compliance.

  These penalties follow a structured approach rather than arbitrary determinations. The GDPR defines an unambiguous framework for fines. They can be up to 4% of a company’s total global turnover in the previous fiscal year. That’s a serious business threat.

  What should you do ?

  For businesses committed to long-term success, accepting and adapting to regulatory requirements is essential. Data privacy regulations and protection impact assessments are here to stay, with many national governments implementing similar frameworks.

  However, there is some good news. As you’ve seen, many of these laws and regulations were informed by GDPR or retrospectively aligned. That’s a good place to start. Choose tools to handle your customer’s data that are natively GDPR-compliant.

  For example, web analytics is all about data, and a lot of that data is personal. And if, like many people, you use Google Analytics 4, you’re already in trouble because it’s not GDPR-compliant by default. And achieving compliance requires significant additional configuration.

  A better option would be to choose a web analytics platform that is compliant with GDPR right off the bat. Something like Matomo would do the trick. Then, complying with any of the tweaks individual countries have made to the basic GDPR framework will be a lot easier—and may even be handled for you.

  Privacy-centric data strategies

  Effective website data analysis is essential for business success. It enables organisations to understand customer needs and improve service delivery.

  But that data doesn’t necessarily need to be tied to their identity — and that’s at the root of many of these regulations.

  It’s not to stop companies from collecting data but to encourage and enforce responsible and ethical handling of that data. Without an official privacy policy or ethical data collection practices, the temptation for some to use and abuse that data for financial gain seems too great to resist.

  

  Cookie usage and compliance

  There was a time when cookies were the only way to collect reliable information about your customers and prospects. But under GDPR, and in many countries that based or aligned their laws with GDPR, businesses have to give users an easy way to opt out of all tracking, particularly tracking cookies.

  So, how do you collect the information you need without cookies ? Easy. You use a web analytics platform that doesn’t depend wholly on cookies. For example, in certain countries and when configured for maximum privacy, Matomo allows for cookieless operation. It can also help you manage the cookie consent requirements of various data privacy regulations.

  Choose the right tools

  Data privacy regulations have become a permanent feature of the global business landscape. As digital commerce continues to expand, these regulatory frameworks will only become more established. Fortunately, there is a practical approach forward.

  As mentioned several times, GDPR is considered by many countries to be a particularly good example of effective data privacy regulation. For that reason, many of them model their own legislation on the EU’s effort, making a few tweaks here and there to satisfy local requirements or anomalies.

  As a result, if you comply with GDPR, the chances are that you’ll also comply with many of the other data privacy regulations discussed here. That also means that you can select tools for your data harvesting and analytics that comply with the GDPR out of the box, so to speak. Tools like Matomo.

  Matomo lets website visitors retain full control over their data.

  Before deciding whether to go with Matomo On-premise or the EU-hosted cloud version, why not start your 21-day free trial ? No credit card required.

• Segmentation Analytics : How to Leverage It on Your Site

  27 octobre 2023, par Erin — Analytics Tips

  The deeper you go with your customer analytics, the better your insights will be.

  The result ? Your marketing performance soars to new heights.

  Customer segmentation is one of the best ways businesses can align their marketing strategies with an effective output to generate better results. Marketers know that targeting the right people is one of the most important aspects of connecting with and converting web visitors into customers.

  By diving into customer segmentation analytics, you’ll be able to transform your loosely defined and abstract audience into tangible, understandable segments, so you can serve them better.

  In this guide, we’ll break down customer segmentation analytics, the different types, and how you can delve into these analytics on your website to grow your business.

  What is customer segmentation ?

  Before we dive into customer segmentation analytics, let’s take a step back and look at customer segmentation in general. 

  Customer segmentation is the process of dividing your customers up into different groups based on specific characteristics.

  These groups could be based on demographics like age or location or behaviours like recent purchases or website visits. 

  By splitting your audience into different segments, your marketing team will be able to craft highly targeted and relevant marketing campaigns that are more likely to convert.

  Additionally, customer segmentation allows businesses to gain new insights into their audience. For example, by diving deep into different segments, marketers can uncover pain points and desires, leading to increased conversion rates and return on investment.

  But, to grasp the different customer segments, organisations need to know how to collect, digest and interpret the data for usable insights to improve their business. That’s where segmentation analytics comes in.

  What is customer segmentation analytics ?

  Customer segmentation analytics splits customers into different groups within your analytics software to create more detailed customer data and improve targeting.

  

  With customer segmentation, you’re splitting your customers into different groups. With customer segmentation analytics, you’re doing this all within your analytics platform so you can understand them better.

  One example of splitting your customers up is by country. For example, let’s say you have a global customer base. So, you go into your analytics software and find that 90% of your website visitors come from five countries : the UK, the US, Australia, Germany and Japan.

  In this area, you could then create customer segmentation subsets based on these five countries. Moving forward, you could then hop into your analytics tool at any point in time and analyse the segments by country. 

  For example, if you wanted to see how well your recent marketing campaign impacted your Japanese customers, you could look at your Japanese subset within your analytics and dive into the data.

  The primary goal of customer segmentation analytics is to gather actionable data points to give you an in-depth understanding of your customers. By gathering data on your different audience segments, you’ll discover insights on your customers that you can use to optimise your website, marketing campaigns, mobile apps, product offerings and overall customer experience.

  Rather than lumping your entire customer base into a single mass, customer segmentation analytics allows you to meet even more specific and relevant needs and pain points of your customers to serve them better.

  By allowing you to “zoom in” on your audience, segmentation analytics helps you offer more value to your customers, giving you a competitive advantage in the marketplace.

  5 types of segmentation

  There are dozens of different ways to split up your customers into segments. The one you choose depends on your goals and marketing efforts. Each type of segmentation offers a different view of your customers so you can better understand their specific needs to reach them more effectively.

  While you can segment your customers in almost endless ways, five common types the majority fall under are :

  

  Geographic

  Another way to segment is by geography.

  This is important because you could have drastically different interests, pain points and desires based on where you live.

  If you’re running a global e-commerce website that sells a variety of clothing products, geographic segmentation can play a crucial role in optimising your website.

  For instance, you may observe that a significant portion of your website visitors are from countries in the Southern Hemisphere, where it’s currently summer. On the other hand, visitors from the Northern Hemisphere are experiencing winter. Utilising this information, you can tailor your marketing strategy and website accordingly to increase sells.

  Where someone comes from can significantly impact how they will respond to your messaging, brand and offer.

  Geographic segmentation typically includes the following subtypes :

  • Cities (i.e., Austin, Paris, Berlin, etc.)
  • State (i.e., Massachusetts)
  • Country (i.e., Thailand)

  Psychographic

  Another key segmentation type of psychographic. This is where you split your customers into different groups based on their lifestyles.

  Psychographic segmentation is a method of dividing your customers based on their habits, attitudes, values and opinions. You can unlock key emotional elements that impact your customers’ purchasing behaviours through this segmentation type.

  Psychographic segmentation typically includes the following subtypes :

  • Values
  • Habits
  • Opinions

  Behavioural

  While psychographic segmentation looks at your customers’ overall lifestyle and habits, behavioural segmentation aims to dive into the specific individual actions they take daily, especially when interacting with your brand or your website.

  Your customers won’t all interact with your brand the same way. They’ll act differently when interacting with your products and services for several reasons. 

  Behavioural segmentation can help reveal certain use cases, like why customers buy a certain product, how often they buy it, where they buy it and how they use it.

  By unpacking these key details about your audience’s behaviour, you can optimise your campaigns and messaging to get the most out of your marketing efforts to reach new and existing customers.

  Behavioural segmentation typically includes the following subtypes :

  • Interactions
  • Interests
  • Desires

  Technographic

  Another common segmentation type is technographic segmentation. As the name suggests, this technologically driven segment seeks to understand how your customers use technology.

  While this is one of the newest segmentation types marketers use, it’s a powerful method to help you understand the types of tech your customers use, how often they use it and the specific ways they use it.

  Technographic segmentation typically includes the following subtypes :

  • Smartphone type
  • Device type : smartphone, desktop, tablet
  • Apps
  • Video games

  Demographic

  The most common approach to segmentation is to split your customers up by demographics. 

  Demographic segmentation typically includes subtypes like language, job title, age or education.

  This can be helpful for tailoring your content, products, and marketing efforts to specific audience segments. One way to capture this information is by using web analytics tools, where language is often available as a data point.

  However, for accurate insights into other demographic segments like job titles, which may not be available (or accurate) in analytics tools, you may need to implement surveys or add fields to forms on your website to gather this specific information directly from your visitors.

  How to build website segmentation analytics

  With Matomo, you can create a variety of segments to divide your website visitors into different groups. Matomo’s Segments allows you to view segmentation analytics on subsets of your audience, like :

  • The device they used while visiting your site
  • What channel they entered your site from
  • What country they are located
  • Whether or not they visited a key page of your website
  • And more

  While it’s important to collect general data on every visitor you have to your website, a key to website growth is understanding each type of visitor you have.

  For example, here’s a screenshot of how you can segment all of your website’s visitors from New Zealand :

  

  The criteria you use to define these segments are based on the data collected within your web analytics platform.

  Here are some popular ways you can create some common themes on Matomo that can be used to create segments :

  Visit based segments

  Create segments in Matomo based on visitors’ patterns. 

  For example :

  • Do returning visitors show different traits than first-time visitors ?
  • Do people who arrive on your blog experience your website differently than those arriving on a landing page ?

  This information can inform your content strategy, user interface design and marketing efforts.

  Demographic segments

  Create segments in Matomo based on people’s demographics. 

  For example :

  • User’s browser language
  • Location

  This can enable you to tailor your approach to specific demographics, improving the performance of your marketing campaigns.

  Technographic segments

  Create segments in Matomo based on people’s technographics. 

  For example :

  • Web browser being used (i.e., Chrome, Safari, Firefox, etc.)
  • Device type (i.e., smartphone, tablet, desktop)

  This can inform how to optimise your website based on users’ technology preferences, enhancing the effectiveness of your website.

  Interaction based segments

  Create segments in Matomo based on interactions. 

  For example :

  • Events (i.e., when someone clicks a specific URL on your website)
  • Goals (i.e., when someone stays on your site for a certain period)

  Insights from this can empower you to fine-tune your content and user experience for increasing conversion rates.

  

  Campaign-based segments

  Create segments in Matomo based on campaigns. 

  For example :

  • Visitors arriving from specific traffic sources
  • Visitors arriving from specific advertising campaigns

  With these insights, you can assess the performance of your marketing efforts, optimise your ad spend and make data-driven decisions to enhance your campaigns for better results.

  Ecommerce segments

  Create segments in Matomo based on ecommerce. 

  For example :

  • Visitors who purchased vs. those who didn’t
  • Visitors who purchased a specific product

  This allows you to refine your website and marketing strategy for increased conversions and revenue.

  Leverage Matomo for your segmentation analytics

  By now, you can see the power of segmentation analytics and how they can be used to understand your customers and website visitors better. By breaking down your audience into groups, you’ll be able to gain insights into those segments to know how to serve them better with improved messaging and relevant products.

  If you’re ready to begin using segmentation analytics on your website, try Matomo. Start your 21-day free trial now — no credit card required.

  Matomo is an ideal choice for marketers looking for an easy-to-use, out-of-the-box web analytics solution that delivers accurate insights while keeping privacy and compliance at the forefront.