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• Revision 36454 : uniformiser les inputs du formulaire de login

  19 mars 2010, par brunobergot@… — Log

  uniformiser les inputs du formulaire de login

• MP4 Created Using FFmpeg API Can't Be Played in Media Players

  11 avril 2020, par RandyCroucher

  I've been struggling with this issue for days. There are similar issues posted here and around the web, but none of the solutions seem to work for me. They are possibly outdated ?

  



  Here is the current iteration of code I'm using to generate the MP4 file.

  



  It generates a simple 2 second .mp4 file that fails to play in any player I've tried. If I run that mp4 file back through the FFmpeg command line, it will generate a perfectly playable movie out of it. So the data is there.

  



  Also, if you modify the output file name in this code from .mp4 to .avi, this code generates a playable avi file too. So whatever it is, it is tied to the H.264 format.

  



  I'm sure I'm missing something simple, but for the life of me, I can't figure out what that is.

  



  Any help would be greatly appreciated !

  



  Here is a link to the VC++ project. MovieMaker.zip

  



  MovieMaker.h

  



  #pragma once&#xA;&#xA;extern "C"&#xA;{&#xA;#include <libavcodec></libavcodec>avcodec.h>&#xA;#include <libavformat></libavformat>avformat.h>&#xA;#include <libswscale></libswscale>swscale.h>&#xA;#include <libavutil></libavutil>opt.h>&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;class FMovieMaker&#xA;{&#xA;public:&#xA;    ~FMovieMaker();&#xA;&#xA;    bool Initialize(const char* FileName, int Width = 1920, int Height = 1080, int FPS = 30, int BitRate = 2000);&#xA;    bool RecordFrame(uint8_t* BGRAData);&#xA;    bool Finalize();&#xA;&#xA;    bool IsInitialized() const { return bInitialized; }&#xA;    int GetWidth() const { return CodecContext ? CodecContext->width : 0; }&#xA;    int GetHeight() const { return CodecContext ? CodecContext->height : 0; }&#xA;&#xA;private:&#xA;    bool EncodeFrame(bool bFinalize);&#xA;    void Log(const char* fmt, ...);&#xA;&#xA;    AVOutputFormat* OutputFormat = nullptr;&#xA;    AVFormatContext* FormatContext = nullptr;&#xA;    AVCodecContext* CodecContext = nullptr;&#xA;    AVFrame* Frame = nullptr;&#xA;    SwsContext* ColorConverter = nullptr;&#xA;    int64_t RecordedFrames = 0;&#xA;    bool bInitialized = false;&#xA;};&#xA;

  



  MovieMaker.cpp

  



  #include "MovieMaker.h"

FMovieMaker::~FMovieMaker()
{
    if (IsInitialized())
        Finalize();
}

bool FMovieMaker::Initialize(const char* FileName, int Width /*= 1920*/, int Height /*= 1080*/, int FPS /*= 30*/, int BitRate /*= 2000*/)
{
    OutputFormat = av_guess_format(nullptr, FileName, nullptr);
    if (!OutputFormat)
    {
        Log("Couldn't guess the output format from the filename: %s", FileName);
        return false;
    }

    AVCodecID CodecID = OutputFormat->video_codec;
    if (CodecID == AV_CODEC_ID_NONE)
    {
        Log("Could not determine a codec to use");
        return false;
    }

    /* allocate the output media context */
    int ErrorCode = avformat_alloc_output_context2(&FormatContext, OutputFormat, nullptr, FileName);
    if (ErrorCode < 0)
    {
        char Error[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
        av_make_error_string(Error, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, ErrorCode);
        Log("Failed to allocate format context: %s", Error);
        return false;
    }
    else if (!FormatContext)
    {
        Log("Failed to get format from filename: %s", FileName);
        return false;
    }

    /* find the video encoder */
    const AVCodec* Codec = avcodec_find_encoder(CodecID);
    if (!Codec)
    {
        Log("Codec '%d' not found", CodecID);
        return false;
    }

    /* create the video stream */
    AVStream* Stream = avformat_new_stream(FormatContext, Codec);
    if (!Stream)
    {
        Log("Failed to allocate stream");
        return false;
    }

    /* create the codec context */
    CodecContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(Codec);
    if (!CodecContext)
    {
        Log("Could not allocate video codec context");
        return false;
    }

    Stream->codecpar->codec_id = OutputFormat->video_codec;
    Stream->codecpar->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
    Stream->codecpar->width = Width;
    Stream->codecpar->height = Height;
    Stream->codecpar->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
    Stream->codecpar->bit_rate = (int64_t)BitRate * 1000;
    avcodec_parameters_to_context(CodecContext, Stream->codecpar);

    CodecContext->time_base = { 1, FPS };
    CodecContext->max_b_frames = 2;
    CodecContext->gop_size = 12;
    CodecContext->framerate = { FPS, 1 };

    if (Stream->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
        av_opt_set(CodecContext, "preset", "medium", 0);
    else if (Stream->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H265)
        av_opt_set(CodecContext, "preset", "medium", 0);

    avcodec_parameters_from_context(Stream->codecpar, CodecContext);

    if (FormatContext->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
        CodecContext->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;

    if ((ErrorCode = avcodec_open2(CodecContext, Codec, NULL)) < 0)
    {
        char Error[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
        av_make_error_string(Error, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, ErrorCode);
        Log("Failed to open codec: %s", Error);
        return false;
    }

    if (!(OutputFormat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE))
    {
        if ((ErrorCode = avio_open(&FormatContext->pb, FileName, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE)) < 0)
        {
            char Error[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
            av_make_error_string(Error, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, ErrorCode);
            Log("Failed to open file: %s", Error);
            return false;
        }
    }

    Stream->time_base = CodecContext->time_base;
    if ((ErrorCode = avformat_write_header(FormatContext, NULL)) < 0)
    {
        char Error[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
        av_make_error_string(Error, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, ErrorCode);
        Log("Failed to write header: %s", Error);
        return false;
    }

    CodecContext->time_base = Stream->time_base;

    av_dump_format(FormatContext, 0, FileName, 1);

    // create the frame
    {
        Frame = av_frame_alloc();
        if (!Frame)
        {
            Log("Could not allocate video frame");
            return false;
        }
        Frame->format = CodecContext->pix_fmt;
        Frame->width = CodecContext->width;
        Frame->height = CodecContext->height;

        ErrorCode = av_frame_get_buffer(Frame, 32);
        if (ErrorCode < 0)
        {
            char Error[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
            av_make_error_string(Error, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, ErrorCode);
            Log("Could not allocate the video frame data: %s", Error);
            return false;
        }
    }

    // create a color converter
    {
        ColorConverter = sws_getContext(CodecContext->width, CodecContext->height, AV_PIX_FMT_BGRA,
                                        CodecContext->width, CodecContext->height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        if (!ColorConverter)
        {
            Log("Could not allocate color converter");
            return false;
        }
    }

    bInitialized = true;
    return true;
}

bool FMovieMaker::RecordFrame(uint8_t* BGRAData)
{
    if (!bInitialized)
    {
        Log("Cannot record frames on an uninitialized Video Recorder");
        return false;
    }

    /*make sure the frame data is writable */
    int ErrorCode = av_frame_make_writable(Frame);
    if (ErrorCode < 0)
    {
        char Error[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
        av_make_error_string(Error, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, ErrorCode);
        Log("Could not make the frame writable: %s", Error);
        return false;
    }

    /* convert the bgra bitmap data into yuv frame data */
    int inLinesize[1] = { 4 * CodecContext->width }; // RGB stride
    sws_scale(ColorConverter, &BGRAData, inLinesize, 0, CodecContext->height, Frame->data, Frame->linesize);

    //Frame->pts = RecordedFrames++;
    Frame->pts = CodecContext->time_base.den / CodecContext->time_base.num * CodecContext->framerate.den / CodecContext->framerate.num * (RecordedFrames++);
    //The following assumes that codecContext->time_base = (AVRational){1, 1};
    //Frame->pts = frameduration * (RecordedFrames++) * Stream->time_base.den / (Stream->time_base.num * fps);
    //Frame->pts += av_rescale_q(1, CodecContext->time_base, Stream->time_base);

    return EncodeFrame(false);
}

bool FMovieMaker::EncodeFrame(bool bFinalize)
{
    /* send the frame to the encoder */
    int ErrorCode = avcodec_send_frame(CodecContext, bFinalize ? nullptr : Frame);
    if (ErrorCode < 0)
    {
        char Error[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
        av_make_error_string(Error, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, ErrorCode);
        Log("Error sending a frame for encoding: %s", Error);
        return false;
    }

    AVPacket Packet;
    av_init_packet(&Packet);
    Packet.data = NULL;
    Packet.size = 0;
    Packet.flags |= AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
    Packet.pts = Frame->pts;

    if (avcodec_receive_packet(CodecContext, &Packet) == 0)
    {
        //std::cout << "pkt key: " << (Packet.flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY) << " " << Packet.size << " " << (counter++) << std::endl;
        uint8_t* size = ((uint8_t*)Packet.data);
        //std::cout << "first: " << (int)size[0] << " " << (int)size[1] << " " << (int)size[2] << " " << (int)size[3] << " " << (int)size[4] << " " << (int)size[5] << " " << (int)size[6] << " " << (int)size[7] << std::endl;

        av_interleaved_write_frame(FormatContext, &Packet);
        av_packet_unref(&Packet);
    }

    return true;
}

bool FMovieMaker::Finalize()
{
    if (!bInitialized)
    {
        Log("Cannot finalize uninitialized Video Recorder");
        return false;
    }

    //DELAYED FRAMES
    AVPacket Packet;
    av_init_packet(&Packet);
    Packet.data = NULL;
    Packet.size = 0;

    for (;;)
    {
        avcodec_send_frame(CodecContext, NULL);
        if (avcodec_receive_packet(CodecContext, &Packet) == 0)
        {
            av_interleaved_write_frame(FormatContext, &Packet);
            av_packet_unref(&Packet);
        }
        else
            break;
    }

    av_write_trailer(FormatContext);
    if (!(OutputFormat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE))
    {
        int ErrorCode = avio_close(FormatContext->pb);
        if (ErrorCode < 0)
        {
            char Error[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
            av_make_error_string(Error, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, ErrorCode);
            Log("Failed to close file: %s", Error);
        }
    }

    if (Frame)
    {
        av_frame_free(&Frame);
        Frame = nullptr;
    }

    if (CodecContext)
    {
        avcodec_free_context(&CodecContext);
        CodecContext = nullptr;
    }

    if (FormatContext)
    {
        avformat_free_context(FormatContext);
        FormatContext = nullptr;
    }

    if (ColorConverter)
    {
        sws_freeContext(ColorConverter);
        ColorConverter = nullptr;
    }

    bInitialized = false;
    return true;
}

void FMovieMaker::Log(const char* fmt, ...)
{
    va_list args;
    fprintf(stderr, "LOG: ");
    va_start(args, fmt);
    vfprintf(stderr, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}


  



  Main.cpp

  



  #include "MovieMaker.h"

uint8_t FtoB(float x)
{
    if (x <= 0.0f)
        return 0;
    if (x >= 1.0f)
        return 255;
    else
        return (uint8_t)(x * 255.0f);
}

void SetPixelColor(float X, float Y, float Width, float Height, float t, uint8_t* BGRA)
{
    t += 12.0f; // more interesting colors at this time

    float P[2] = { 0.1f * X - 25.0f, 0.1f * Y - 25.0f };
    float V = sqrtf(P[0] * P[0] + P[1] * P[1]);
    BGRA[0] = FtoB(sinf(V + t / 0.78f));
    BGRA[1] = FtoB(sinf(V + t / 10.0f));
    BGRA[2] = FtoB(sinf(V + t / 36e2f));
    BGRA[3] = 255;
}

int main()
{
    FMovieMaker MovieMaker;

    const char* FileName = "C:\\ffmpeg\\MyMovieMakerMovie.mp4";
    int Width = 640;
    int Height = 480;
    int FPS = 30;
    int BitRateKBS = 2000;

    if (MovieMaker.Initialize(FileName, Width, Height, FPS, BitRateKBS))
    {
        int Size = Width * 4 * Height;
        uint8_t* BGRAData = new uint8_t[Size];
        memset(BGRAData, 255, Size);

        for (float Frame = 0; Frame < 60; Frame++)
        {
            // fill the image data with something interesting
            for (float Y = 0; Y < Height; Y++)
            {
                for (float X = 0; X < Width; X++)
                {
                    SetPixelColor(X, Y, (float)Width, (float)Height, Frame / (float)FPS, &BGRAData[(int)(Y * Width + X) * 4]);
                }
            }

            if (!MovieMaker.RecordFrame(BGRAData))
                break;
        }

        delete[] BGRAData;

        MovieMaker.Finalize();
    }
}


  



  If I have the lines that add the AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER flag like shown above, I get all sorts of issues in the output from ffprobe MyMovieMakerMovie.mp4.

  



  C:\ffmpeg>ffprobe MyMovieMakerMovie.mp4
ffprobe version 4.2.2 Copyright (c) 2007-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 9.2.1 (GCC) 20200122
  configuration: --disable-static --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-sdl2 --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-iconv --enable-libass --enable-libdav1d --enable-libbluray --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libzimg --enable-lzma --enable-zlib --enable-gmp --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libmysofa --enable-libspeex --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libmfx --enable-amf --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuvid --enable-d3d11va --enable-nvenc --enable-nvdec --enable-dxva2 --enable-avisynth --enable-libopenmpt
  libavutil      56. 31.100 / 56. 31.100
  libavcodec     58. 54.100 / 58. 54.100
  libavformat    58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
  libavdevice    58.  8.100 / 58.  8.100
  libavfilter     7. 57.100 /  7. 57.100
  libswscale      5.  5.100 /  5.  5.100
  libswresample   3.  5.100 /  3.  5.100
  libpostproc    55.  5.100 / 55.  5.100
[h264 @ 000001d44b795b00] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
[h264 @ 000001d44b795b00] decode_slice_header error
[h264 @ 000001d44b795b00] no frame!
...
[h264 @ 000001d44b795b00] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
[h264 @ 000001d44b795b00] decode_slice_header error
[h264 @ 000001d44b795b00] no frame!
[mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 000001d44b783880] decoding for stream 0 failed
[mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 000001d44b783880] Could not find codec parameters for stream 0 (Video: h264 (avc1 / 0x31637661), none, 640x480, 20528 kb/s): unspecified pixel format
Consider increasing the value for the 'analyzeduration' and 'probesize' options
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'MyMovieMakerMovie.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
    encoder         : Lavf58.29.100
  Duration: 00:00:01.97, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 20529 kb/s
    Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (avc1 / 0x31637661), none, 640x480, 20528 kb/s, 30.51 fps, 30 tbr, 15360 tbn, 30720 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : VideoHandler


  



  Without adding the AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER flag, I get a clean output from ffprobe, but the video still doesn't play. Notice it thinks the frame rate is 30.51, I'm not sure why.

  



  C:\ffmpeg>ffprobe MyMovieMakerMovie.mp4
ffprobe version 4.2.2 Copyright (c) 2007-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 9.2.1 (GCC) 20200122
  configuration: --disable-static --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-sdl2 --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-iconv --enable-libass --enable-libdav1d --enable-libbluray --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libzimg --enable-lzma --enable-zlib --enable-gmp --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libmysofa --enable-libspeex --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libmfx --enable-amf --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuvid --enable-d3d11va --enable-nvenc --enable-nvdec --enable-dxva2 --enable-avisynth --enable-libopenmpt
  libavutil      56. 31.100 / 56. 31.100
  libavcodec     58. 54.100 / 58. 54.100
  libavformat    58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
  libavdevice    58.  8.100 / 58.  8.100
  libavfilter     7. 57.100 /  7. 57.100
  libswscale      5.  5.100 /  5.  5.100
  libswresample   3.  5.100 /  3.  5.100
  libpostproc    55.  5.100 / 55.  5.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'MyMovieMakerMovie.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
    encoder         : Lavf58.29.100
  Duration: 00:00:01.97, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 20530 kb/s
    Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 640x480, 20528 kb/s, 30.51 fps, 30 tbr, 15360 tbn, 60 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : VideoHandler


  


• Alias Artifacts

  26 avril 2013, par Multimedia Mike — General

  Throughout my own life, I have often observed that my own sense of nostalgia has a window that stretches about 10-15 years past from the current moment. Earlier this year, I discovered the show “Alias” and watched through the entire series thanks to Amazon Prime Instant Video (to be fair, I sort of skimmed the fifth and final season which I found to be horribly dull, or maybe franchise fatigue had set in). The show originally aired from 2001-2006 so I found that it fit well within the aforementioned nostalgia window.

  
  
  

  But what was it, exactly, about the show that triggered nostalgia ? The computers, of course ! The show revolved around spies and espionage and cutting-edge technology necessarily played a role. The production designer for the series must have decided that Unix/Linux == awesome hacking and so many screenshots featured Linux.

  Since this is still nominally a multimedia blog, I’ll start of the screenshot recon with an old multimedia player. Here is a vintage Mac OS desktop running an ancient web browser (probably Netscape) that’s playing a full-window video (probably QuickTime embedded directly into the browser).

  
  

  

  Click for larger image

  
  

  Let’s jump right into the Linux side of things. This screenshot makes me particularly sentimental since this is exactly what a stock Linux/KDE desktop looked like circa 2001-2003 and is more or less what I would have worked with on my home computer at the time :

  
  

  

  Click for larger image

  
  

  Studying that screenshot, we see that the user logs in as root, even to the desktop environment. Poor security practice ; I would expect better from a bunch of spooks.

  Echelon
  Look at the terminal output in the above screenshot– it’s building a program named Echelon, an omniscient spy tool inspired by a real-world surveillance network of the same name. In the show, Echelon is used to supply plot-convenient intelligence. At one point, some antagonists get their hands on the Echelon source code and seek to compile it. When they do, they will have access to the vast surveillance network. If you know anything about how computers work, don’t think about that too hard.

  Anyway, it’s interesting to note that Echelon is a properly autotool’d program– when the bad guys finally got Echelon, installation was just a ‘make install’ command away. The compilation was very user-friendly, though, as it would pop up a nice dialog box showing build progress :

  
  

  

  Click for larger image

  
  

  Examining the build lines in both that screenshot and the following lines, we can see that Echelon cares about files such as common/db_err.c and bt_curadj.c :

  
  

  

  Click for larger image

  
  

  A little googling reveals that these files both belong to the Berkeley DB library. That works ; I can imagine a program like this leveraging various database packages.

  Computer Languages
  The Echelon source code stuff comes from episode 2.11 : “A Higher Echelon”. While one faction had gotten a hold of the actual Echelon source code, a rival faction had abducted the show’s resident uber-nerd and, learning that they didn’t actually receive the Echelon code, force the nerd to re-write Echelon from scratch. Which he then proceeds to do…

  
  

  

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  The code he’s examining there appears to be C code that has something to do with joystick programming (JS_X_0, JS_Y_1, etc.). An eagle-eyed IMDb user contributed the trivia that he is looking at the file /usr/include/Linux/joystick.h.

  Getting back to the plot, how could the bad buys possibly expect him to re-write a hugely complex piece of software from scratch ? You might think this is the height of absurdity for a computer-oriented story. You’ll be pleased to know that the writers agreed with that assessment since, when the program was actually executed, it claimed to be Echelon, but that broke into a game of Pong (or some simple game). Suddenly, it makes perfect sense why the guy was looking at the joystick header file.

  This is the first bit of computer-oriented fun that I captured when I was watching the series :

  
  

  

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  This printout purports to be a “mainframe log summary”. After some plot-advancing text about a security issue, it proceeds to dump out some Java source code.

  SSH
  Secure Shell (SSH) frequently showed up. Here’s a screenshot in which a verbose ‘ssh -v’ connection has just been closed, while a telnet command has apparently just been launched (evidenced by “Escape character is ‘^]’.”) :

  
  

  

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  This is followed by some good old Hollywood Hacking in which a free-form database command is entered through any available command line interface :

  
  

  

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  I don’t remember the episode details, but I’m pretty sure the output made perfect sense to the character typing the command. Here’s another screenshot where the SSH client pops up an extra-large GUI dialog element to notify the user that it’s currently negotiating with the host :

  
  

  

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  Now that I look at that screenshot a little more closely, it appears to be a Win95/98 program. I wonder if there was an SSH client that actually popped up that gaudy dialog.

  There’s a lot of gibberish in this screenshot and I wish I had written down some details about what it represented according to the episode’s plot :

  
  

  

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  It almost sounds like they were trying to break into a network computer. Analyzing MD5 structure… public key synthesized. To me, the funniest feature is the 7-digit public key. I’m a bit rusty on the math of the RSA cryptosystem, but intuitively, it seems that the public and private keys need to be of roughly equal lengths. I.e., the private key in this scenario would also be 7 digits long.

  Gadgets
  Various devices and gadgets were seen at various junctures in the show. Here’s a tablet computer from back when tablet computers seemed like fantastical (albeit stylus-requiring) devices– the Fujitsu Stylistic 2300 :

  
  

  

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  Here’s a videophone from an episode that aired in 2005. The specific model is the Packet8 DV326 (MSRP of US$500). As you can see from the screenshot, it can do 384 kbps both down and up.

  
  

  

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  I really regret not writing down the episode details surrounding this gadget. I just know that it was critical that the good guys get it and keep from falling into the hands of the bad guys.

  
  

  

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  As you can see, the (presumably) deadly device contains a Samsung chip and a Lexar chip. I have to wonder what device the production crew salvaged this from (probably just an old cell phone).

  Other Programs

  The GIMP photo editor makes an appearance while scrubbing security camera footage, and serves as the magical Enhance Button (at least they slung around the term “gamma”) :

  
  

  

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  I have no idea what MacOS-based audio editing program this is. Any ideas ?

  
  

  

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  FTP shows up in episode 2.12, “The Getaway”. It’s described as a “secure channel” for communication, which is quite humorous to anyone versed in internet technology.

  
  

  

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